Occupant evacuation dynamics is a kind of manybody system of strongly interacting persons. A great deal of factors should be taken into account in the study of fire evacuation, such as human behavior, fire products and architecture.

Considering the dynamic control process of thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs) and adjustement behavior of consumers, as well as heat transfer through neighborhood, the main purpose of this paper is to derive a total model for simulating and analyzing the dynamic behavior of hydraulic heating system with the control of TRVs in multi-family building, based on state space model of room dynamic performance. This is done by treating building and the heating system as complete entities. First of all the dynamic models for rooms, radiators and TRVs are derived.

Personal displacement ventilation (PDV) is a new ventilation concept that intends to combine the positive features of displacement ventilation with those of task conditioning or personalized ventilation. PDV is expected to create a micro-environment  around the occupant to control the environment individually.

Definition of heating/cooling capacity ratio (HCR) of the heat pump air conditioner has been put forward in  this study, and the relationship between supply HCR (HCRS) and demand HCR (HCRD) has been illustrated.

At room temperatures ranging from 28 to 35°C, three sensitive body parts were each exposed to local cooling airflow. Dressed in shorts, 30 randomly selected male subjects were exposed to each condition for 30 minutes and reported their local thermal sensations of all body parts, overall thermal sensation, thermal acceptability and comfort on voting scales at regular intervals.

This investigation of the window opening data from extensive field surveys in UK office buildings investigates 1) how people control the indoor environment by opening windows, 2) the cooling potential of opening windows, and 3) the use of an “adaptive algorithm” for predicting window opening behaviour for thermal simulation in ESP-r. We found that the mean indoor and outdoor temperatures when the window was open were higher than when it was closed, but show that nonetheless there was a useful cooling effect from opening a window.

This paper proposes the methodology to quantify the individual difference in temperature regulation of human body for transient simulation of body temperature. Experiments of transient thermal exposure were conducted for four subjects and the characteristics of individual difference in themoregulatory response were observed quantitatively.

When low carbon and renewable energy (RE) systems are adopted in a building, matching the outputs from RE systems (e.g. photovoltaic, solar collectors, small scale wind turbines and heat pumps) to demand has to be taken into account to fully realise the potential of the hybrid energy system.

Local thermal sensations of all body parts were studied in neutral-warm room while face, chest and back were each exposed to local cooling air. Dressed in shorts, 30 randomly selected male subjects were exposed to each condition for 30 minutes.

Energy and environment has been issues concerned all over the world. In China, the application of small size gas-fired air-cooled air-conditioner as an alternative for electric compression air conditioning systems has shown broad prospects due to occurrence of electricity peak demand, lack of water resources and environment-friendly working pairs. Especially, the new air-cooled air-conditioner has many advantages. In order to evaluate its cycle performance, the mathematical model of the new air-conditioner was presented.