This report analyses the data obtained from 134 windows tested for the British manufacturing industry since the inception of new test methods in 1983. The tests were conducted in accordance with BS 5368 and the results classified according to BS 6375: Part 1: 1983: Classification for weathertightness. Possible trends in design and limitations in the application of test results are indicated.
The mean and dynamic internal and external pressures of an existing building (tennis hall) and a model of the building were measured and compared. Asystematic examination was made of the effects on wind-induced internal pressure in simple geometric models of flow profile, wind direction, building dimensions, openings and leakiness. Suggestions are proposed for changes to DIN 1055 Part 4. The Canadian, American, British and Swiss Standards on wind loads are compared.
The Alberta Home Heating Facility has been used over a five year period to attempt to understand the effects of retrofit procedures on the house structure as a whole. The percentage of total energy attributable toinfiltration is calculated, and the influence of furnaces on natural infiltration rates is discussed. Results of blower tests are given for the six modules and compared with measured infiltration rates.
This study used a constant concentration tracer gas measurement system to measure the air infiltration rate of three modules simulating residential buildings in Canada. The results obtained were compared with computer predictions.
This paper describes the development of a computational air flow modelling technique, and identifies applications within clean room installations. Details are given of a validation exercise in which air flow patterns and velocities for a number of simple 2-dimensional configurations were both measured and predicted. The good agreement between measurements and predictions clearly demonstrates the usefulness of the method.
This paper presents the results of a computational and experimental study to assess the possible benefits of using mathematical modeling techniques for cleanroom design. A two-dimensional modeling visualization has been used for each of the cases studied. This has the advantage that its relative cheapness allows more design variations to be analyzed than would be possible with a three-dimensional method. Full-scale measurements were also taken in the cleanroom which was the subject of the modeling exercise.
This paper examines the frequency distribution of indoor radon concentrations and air exchange rates in conventional and energy-efficient houses, discusses radon source magnitudes, compares the distribution of source magnitudes with information on emanation rates from source materials, and, finally, considers the ways in which variability in source magnitude might affect regulatory efforts to control indoor concentrations of radon and its daughters.
This paper reviews the literature on sources and measurement of natural airborne radionuclides and radiation in buildings. It also briefly reviews control measures and suggests areas for further research. The major emphasis is given to radon 222 and its daughters, since they typically cause thelargest organ dose to the general population, most of which arises from indoor exposures. The indoor radiation field from radionuclides fixed in building materials and soil is also given substantial treatment.
During the winters of 1982/83 and 1983/84, air infiltration measurements were made in 34 dwellings in 5 apartment blocks. In all 34 dwellings the air leakage of the building shell was measured by pressurization. In 5 dwellings tracer gas decay rate was used to measure the air change rate, both with andwithout mechanical ventilation. Results of these measurements are presented.