The aim of the authors is to study the differences of indoor air quality between 8 different office buildings along with the different individual exposition between the occupants of the same building. That study lasted 5 months. The results of the measurements have shown that except for ozone, the concentrations of all the measured pollutants are low and that there are more variations between people than between buildings.
The author relates first the history of the cabin air filters then he presents different test methods for the cabin air filters : among them a test method by olfactometry. Finally the Freudenberg offer is presented showing the results of efficiency measurement of activated carbons and fractional efficiency of particulate medium insisting on the efficency of the filtration for particles whose diameter is less than 2.5 micrometers.
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the value of using performance-based design techniques in the design of atrium smoke management systems. This approach can reduceproposed smoke exhaust flow rates frequently by more than a factor of two of the initial code-calculated values. The reduction in exhaust flow rates can save money in terms of reducingthe size of the fans and related emergency power systems. The reduction in exhaust flow rates leads to a reduction in makeup air quantities.
During the last few years, new technologies have been introduced for real-time continuous measurement of the flow rates of outdoor air (OA) into HVAC systems; however, an evaluationof these measurement technologies has not previously been published. This document describes a test system and protocols developed for a controlled evaluation of these measurement technologies. The results of tests of three commercially available measurement technologies are alsosummarized. The test system and protocol were judged practical and very useful.
Fifteen air cleaners, representing different technologies and types of devices, were tested with a mixture of 16 representative VOCs (17 VOCs in tests for products associated with ozone generation) in a full-scale stainless steel chamber by using a pull-down test method. Their initial performancewas evaluated in terms of single-pass efficiency (?) and the clean air delivery rate (CADR). technologies evaluated include sorption filtration, ultraviolet-photocatalytic oxidation (UV-PCO), ozone oxidation, air ionization (plasma decomposition), and botanical air cleaning.
This paper summarizes the results of field measurements that were conducted in four operating diesel locomotive shops. The physical geometry and ventilation system design are documentedfor each shop, and their usage is described. Measurements taken over a four-day period at each location are discussed, and typical data are presented. When possible, average contaminant concentrations for similar operating events are also analyzed together to provide a more completeassessment of ventilation system operation.
Fan energy use in variable-air-volume (VAV) systems can be reduced by resetting the supply duct pressure. The standard way to reset duct pressure is by controlling the most open terminaldamper to a nearly open position. This strategy is rarely used because of a variety of issues including sensing limitations, network bandwidth, and stability. This paper describes the development of a new method of determining the critical supply duct pressure for VAV systems.
In this study, CFD models are used to test the performance of alternate design strategies as applied to a single data space. Specifically, a shell space is taken through a design process that leads to two separate designs for data center cooling one using overhead supply air distribution, the other using an underfloor supply air plenum. Then, using methods developed by Sharma, Bash, and Chandrakant (Dimensionless Parameters for Evaluation of Thermal Design and Performance of
The annual costs of energy and maintenance in running a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system and life-cycle costs (LCC) of investments for improving air quality in an office building were compared with the resulting revenues from increased office productivity as a consequence of
This paper presents recent findings on the impact of temperature and ventilation on call-handling performance and selected sick building syndrome symptoms of call center operators near thermal neutral conditions. The blind intervention study was conducted in two call centers in the Tropics
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