English

The aim of this study is to evaluate different control strategies on ventilation in a bathroom and their efficiency. Comments are given on running time periods as well as reaction of different controls (occupation, CO2/COV, humidity).

Conditions of human thermal comfort was studied as function of the following parameters : dry bulb temperature (22.8 to 27.8 °C), relative humidity (20 to 65%), air velocity (0.15 and 0.25 m/s) and activity level (1 and 2.3 met) with a panel of 256 person

Airflow patterns, temperature and indoor air quality (ventialtion efficiency) are modelized in a room with floor heating. Results show that ventilation efficiency depends directly of diffusers layout.

Tests have been performed on several ceiling air diffusers supplied with low air temperatures (6 to 16°C - 90% humidity) to study water vapour condensation on diffusers surface. Results show that a supply air temperature of 11°C avoids most of condensatio

Detailed testing of multi-zone airflow and ventilation rates in a dwelling were conducted using two different types of tracer gas method and compared with design.

Flow and heat transfer calculations have been operated in a typical office room equipped with a displacement ventilation and a chilled ceiling system. Results show quasi-periodic flow when the values of internal thermal loads are high. They also show lateral oscillations of the plumes above heat sources which create after impact on the cold ceiling recirculating flows in the room.

Suggests that particularly for outdoor thermal comfort assessments in cold conditions, non-steady state models should be applied. This and other new aspects are to be considered in a new internationally standardised Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), at present being developed by the International Society of Biometeorology. Psychological factors also need to be considered, such as diverging thermal expectations indoors and outdoors. States that as a consequence, different approaches are needed to assess indoor or outdoor thermal comfort.

Describes the thermal model available, both simple and complex and outlines capabilities and limitations. States that all of the models have limitations for use in standards, including the accuracy of the physical simulation and the accuracy of the inputs to the model. States that the biggest limitation is probably the accuracy with which comfort perceptions can be related to the physiological variables simulated in the thermal models.

States that existing standards and models are not sufficient to characterise the satisfaction and pleasantness for end-users which is provided by heating or air conditioning. The project described here was devised with the aim of using sensory evaluation techniques in the design of HVAC systems. A dual evaluation is used for sensory evaluation in the food cosmetics, phone and automotive industries, comprising of sensation measurements carried out be a small panel of trained expert assessors and preference studies performed by a large panel of representative consumers.

An analysis was done to look at the differences in the way occupants perceive the office environment. The surveys were done in an office with multinational workers in Japan. The 406 returned questionnaires were grouped by nationality and gender. 26% reported a comfortable working environment. There was a significant neutral temperature difference of 3.1 deg. C between the Japanese female group and the non-Japanese male group. Japanese females reported the highest frequency of sick building syndrome of any of the groups.