occupant

Until recently, the air quality did not play a major role in the planning of buildings. Air qualitywas simply understood to be synonymous with pollution-free and safe air. This approach,however, omitted consideration of how to achieve the well-being of the occupants. Asresearch has shown, elimination of pollutants is far from being sufficient and does notsignificantly reduce the dissatisfaction rate of building occupants. More recently, research hasaddressed the occupants perception of indoor air with the goal of increasing their satisfactionrate.

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in workplace and residential environments has been a concern ofpeople. Recently, Ministry of Environment in Korea has recognized the potential risk on thehealth effects related to indoor air pollution at home. Therefore, the purpose of this study wasto measure the indoor air pollutants of IAQ at different homes and investigate the perceptionof IAQ recognition at home through a questionnaire survey in Seoul.We estimated the IAQ of six selected homes based on site region and housing type.

This paper is an overview of literature that investigates the effects of general environmentalquality, indoor air pollution, ventilation rates, thermal comfort, temperature control andnumber of persons per workspace on productivity and sickness absenteeism in offices. Thereview includes both self-reported effects and objective measurements of productivity andabsenteeism and both laboratory studies and field investigations. It turns out that a goodgeneral environmental quality increases productivity by 10-15% and decreases sicknessabsenteeism by 2.5 percentpoint.

The paper presents part of the outcomes from the project set up by the Polish Committee forScientific Research and devoted to development of the recommended control strategies forDemand Controlled Ventilation (DCV) systems in Poland. The performance of both differentCO2-based occupancy detection algorithms for online demand controlled ventilation systemsand different methods of digital filtration of signals have been studied.

In practice, the commonly used Dutch design criterion for long-term thermal comfort inbuildings- the weighted temperature exceeding hours method- often leads to confusion.The criterion is hard to understand for non-experts, and many doubt the validity of thepresent criterion: how sure are we that meeting the requirements really means that futureoccupants will be comfortable?

Following a comprehensive review of research over the 150-year history of mechanical ventilation, the recent European Multidisciplinary Scientific Consensus Meeting (EUROVEN) considered that only 20 studies relating ventilation (i.e. outside air supply rate per person) to human response were conclusive. From them, a small number of conclusions were drawn, and some very large gaps in our knowledge of this important area of research were identified. Taking these as the starting point, this paper formulates a strategy for evaluating IAQ effects on people.

Modern buildings’ environmental impacts threaten global environmental health. Population growth and increased access to and use of current building technology are not sustainable. People are often not in control of their building environments and, as a re

For energy savings, DCV systems are more and more used in ventilation systems but toestimate their energy savings, variation of occupation in the building (in time and number ofperson) must be estimated. We have enquired on real occupation on site in 27 offices and 13meeting room in France. Occupation rates have been monitored either by webcam or byenquiry to the users. Results show very low occupation rates in meeting rooms although mostpeople feel they are very occupied. Yet effective time of meetings and number of occupantsare less than expected.

The influence of inhabitants on indoor air quality (IAQ) was studied. The aim of the study was to find out how the inhabitants themselves and their living activities affect the IAQ. The concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and ammonia (NH3) in indoor air was measured in inhabited and in empty dwellings. A air change rates were also defined. Altogether 24 dwellings were examined. The results were compared with the surface floor area of the dwellings, the number of inhabitants, the number of pets and the absence or presence of smoking.

The experiment shows that the temperature and velocity fields generated above a seated person are comparatively better approached by a thermal manikin rather than a cylindrical dummy.