Considers points including: ventilation and money, the best ways to control indoor air pollution, how much air is enough for ventilation, how far pollutants affect people, notes on asbestos and risks, industrial hygiene and "sick buildings", indoor air pollution vs outdoor air pollution.
The use of heating and ventilation was measured in several flats to find the relationship between the two. Measurements were taken in 9 flats in a 6-storey block in Berlin, with various types of ventilation system. Two flats remained uninhabited to serve as a comparison. The duration of the opening of windows of the individual rooms lastd on average up to 15 hours per day during the whole heating period. The tenants' own evaluation of the duration of airing differed immensely from this result.
Evaluates results of the 'Ventilation in Residential Buildings' research programme of the German Federal Ministry for Research and Technology. It was found that conventional ventilation methods based on infiltration and window opening cannot secure proper air quality and at the same time provide energy conservation and user comfort, nor can intelligent ventilation habits be expected of the average user, for subjective and objective reasons. All ventilation systems evaluated had shortcomings.
The participating countries of Annex IX "Minimum Ventilation Rates" study emission rates and time dependence for building materials and their dependence on various factors including human behaviour; indoor transfer and interactions; control and air treatment; modelling indoor pollution including economic and social factors; strategies for indoor air pollution control under the restraints of energy conservation. The results of this international programme will be pooled to produce recommendations for guidelines.
In a previous paper it was found that the number of persons occupying aroom, or the air space per occupant, is a very important factor affecting theper capita outdoor air supply for the control of body odors. In a room with a net air spac
The work to be described here is an elaboration of Lehmberg's preliminary experiments. The object was to study the general problem of ventilation odours under normal conditions, comparable to those in schoolrooms, offices, homes and the like with the possibility of establishing ventilation requirements for various groups of individuals, including grade school children and adults, under representative winter and summer conditions. Three methods of odor control were studied dealing with personal sanitation, ventilation, and air washing.
Fifty-nine owners/occupants of electrically heated houses in the Denver, Colorado area have, for about ten months, been participating in a study sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to determine theeffect of air infi
This paper reports on measurements of air change rate in dwellings during occupancy. The occupants were shown to exert a considerable influence on the total air change. The air change rate for occupied dwellings is, on average, 3-4 times greater than the air change rate in sealed dwellings (with air escape valves, doors, windows, and ventilation system closed). The measurements also reveal a tendency for higher air change rates in mechanically ventilated dwellings than in naturally ventilated dwellings.
This paper examines the excess ventilation losses arising from window opening behaviour by occupants and using data from a number of sources relates these losses to the outside air temperature. These excess ventilation losses alter the shape of the total heat loss predictions and bring these more into line with the energy consumptions measured. Excessive ventilation by open windows is shown to negate the benefits of increased fabric insulation.
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