A transient simulation method TRATMO with applications to the analysis of the hygrothermal behaviour of timber frame constructions with additional thermal insulation is discussed. This method makes it possible to evaluate the hygrothermal behaviour with respect to risks of mouldering since it gives simultaneous information on moisture content and temperature at certain sections of the construction. Based on the computer simulations and experiments a number of practical aspects to be considered in additional thermal insulation of timber frame constructions are introduced.
This paper discusses the thermal effects of air flows, and some aspects of the influence of moisture and moisture transfer on the thermal performance of a structure. Mathematical and physical modelling of simultaneous coupled heat and mass transfer in porous materials based on the volume averaging technique has been used to analyze these phenomena.
Discusses control of condensation, and moisture transfer through walls. Various air pressure barriers are suggested to control leakage. One-, two- and three-stage joint methods of wall construction are compared.
A brief synopsis of recent analytic and experimental studies is given. Conclusions are that convective transfer of water vapour into an attic from the living space below often transports more moisture than diffusive transfer through the ceiling construction. Large quantities of moisture are stored in the roof sheathing during warm spring and summer periods. Solar loading during mild winter periods can produce desorption of moisture from the sheathing. This paper reviews the formulation of mathematical relationships among physical parameters governing moisture transfer within attics.
Describes the physics of moisture in the home. Suggests four basic strategies for dealing with excess moisture buildup in the home: 1) minimise the entry and release of moisture, 2) protect building components with vapour barriers, 3) remove water vapour with ventilation or dehumidifiers and 4) raise theinside surface temperature of windows.
Test structures were constructed near Madison, Wis, USA and Gulfport, Miss, USA for exposure of eight types of insulated wall panels at controlled indoor conditions and typical outdoor weather conditions. Panels were instrumented with moisture sensors and tested without and with penetrations (electrical outlets) in the indoor surface. Continuous internal vapour barriers effectively prevented cold weather condensation in all panels. Installation of an electrical outlet changed moisture patterns in both the cold winter climate and the hot, humid summer climate.
Lists the basic sources, mechanics, and problems of moisture in houses in the USA. The NCAT paper covers 1) why and where most moisture problems are likely to occur, 2) symptoms, causes and the range of possible solutions to excess moisture, 3) techniques used to remedy moisture problems, including vapour barriers, ventilation, drainage improvements and basement and foundation treatments and 4) a generalised moisture audit methodology, including tests and equipment needed.
A method has been introduced for the analysis of the hygrothermal behaviour of building materials and construction. The model equations for coupled heat and mass transfer used in the computer code TRATMO and in the determination of hygrotherm
A method to analyze thermal and moisture physical behaviour of building components under transient conditions is introduced. The method is supported by the procedure TRATMO (Transient Analysis of Thermal and Moisture Physical Behaviour of Constr
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