The number of smokers differs mainly with age, sex, education, profession, and cultural background. The change in habits from the 2nd World War till today in form of increasing number of female smokers and decreasing number of male smokers is significant. The smoking of tobacco causes pollutants in the form of volatile organic compounds, particles, and carbon monoxide. Many of the pollutants are carcinogenic. In some cases the concentration of specific tobacco smoke related pollutants in room air may be higher than the maximum allowable concentration.
The issue of energy consumption assessment is a complex one. Sophisticated simulation software whilst providing detailed predictions of the thermal performance of buildings, cannot be claimed to have an appropriate level of user friendliness for widespread application. On the other hand, simple software packages for the assessment of thermal transmittance cannot adequately deal with such factors as occupancy pattern and weather variations. In an attempt to fill the middle ground, the concept of energy rating has been developed.
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