PR2007

As both CFD and building simulation have their own limitationsin the thermal prediction of natural ventilation. Externalcoupled simulation method between CFD (FLUENT) and building simulation (ESP-r) hasbeen put forward for thermalenvironment prediction for naturally ventilated building design. Thecoupling mechanism and coupling program interfaceare introduced in the paper. Full CFD simulation and on site field measurements are done for the validation of the coupled simulationmethod.

The paper examines the energy performance of student residence buildings and investigates the possibility of applying environmental design principles and measures in order to improve their cooling energy performance and indoor environment.A detailed study for the student residence buildings of the Higher Technological Institute (ATEI) of Larissa was performed.

This paper outlines the need to increase the resilience of hospital buildings in the face of three growing perils, climate change, insecurity of energy supplies and the resulting potential for epidemics and pandemics. It is argued that there has been a trend to poorer building design and construction standards resulting in the increase in fossil fuel use to maintain adequate indoor temperatures. As extreme climate events increase in number and intensity, and are increasingly associated with power failures, the role of buildings becomes more central to our comfortable survival.

Despite of Brazil not being among the major world energy consumers, the consumption of electricity has significantly increased in the last years. The National Energy Balance of 2005, published by the Brazilian Ministry of Energy, showed that buildings consume 45% of the electric energy generated in the country. Standards and codes on energy efficiency can represent 12% of energy consumption savings in twenty years for developing countries according to a global survey developed by Duffie (1996).

The aim of this paper was to study the natural ventilation by the stack effect in a reduced model of a building to obtain the night ventilation. A vessel, with double wall, built using glass and metal and filled with water worked as a chimney. It was installed in a building with reduced scale (scale 5:1). Due to the high specific heat of the water, after its heating, a difference of the air temperature in a great part of the night is produced in the inside of the chimney. This way, the natural ventilation of the internal environment is obtained.

This paper will synopsize the results of a research on energy-conscious architectural elements and principles used throughout the history. The selected case studies were classified into historical eras regardless of their climatic or cultural diversity and were investigated by the date of construction, ranging from prehistoric to the current vernacular buildings, and they were cross-referenced and compared to each other. The analysis of the cases demonstrates similarity and some contrast in elements and principles, differing in history and culture but being similar in climate.

This paper presents the preliminary findings from the first stage of a physical survey and modelling Case Study conducted to obtain Modelled and Actual Energy Consumption Profiles for a UK multi-storey mixed use educational building. The purpose of the study is to provide an insight into how accurately current models and software can predict the actual energy consumption in such a building, with a view to informing the development of Operational and Asset Ratings for Buildings in the EU as part of the EPBD Article 7 requirements.

It is of significant importance, for the health of building residents and the protection of the natural environment, to attain conditions of thermal comfort within buildings and reduce their energy demands for cooling or heating. In order to set up a sustainable built environment and prevent the waste of natural resources, a serious consideration of several vital factors is essential. These factors mainly concern the outdoor environment, the envelope surfaces and the indoor environment of buildings.

So-called energy saving measures have been implementedin new and existing buildings over the last years so that the energy demand in those buildings should have decreased significantly. But the fact is, for examplelooking at the annual rate of energy use in Germany,that the demand does not necessarily decrease as ex- pected. There seem to be other factors counteractingthe technical progress. One of those factors has to be found in the user behavior in buildings.

Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) is a platform developedin recent years to allow the systematic study of buildings once occupied, so that lessons may be learnt that will improve future design. The tools employed in POE include plan analysis, monitoring of Indoor Environmentand Air Quality (IEQ, IAQ) and thermal performance, and surveys including walk-through, observations,and user satisfaction questionnaires.