PR2006

In order to compare a hybrid lighting system with automatic control to a traditional lighting system withmanual control, a subjective assessment study was carried out in two rooms at the TechnicalUniversity of Istanbul. In the test room, a light shelf system equipped with automatic control wasinstalled and in the reference room, a manually controlled traditional lighting system was installed. Therooms were occupied by 20 subjects for specific periods of time, at the end of which, paper-basedquestionnaires were introduced.

To achieve the intended results of building, managing and using a property requires knowledge,continuity and communication, which can be assured by a dynamic and flexible quality assurance(QA) system. Such a system, intended to ensure high-quality indoor environmental conditions, hasbeen developed and successfully applied over the last ten years. However, although clients have beenvery satisfied with the QA system and its results, the pressure for energy efficiency improvement hasincreased.

The combined heat, cooling and power production (CHCP) is one of the most interesting methods toincrease the system global efficiency by supplying electric and thermal power needs both in winter andin summer, and at the same time reducing CO2 emissions.Global efficiency increase is related to the use of waste heat which can be also used to producecooling energy by means of a absorption chillers.A CHCP programme is planned in a specific area in the University City of the University of Rome LaSapienza (approximately 1000.000 cubic meter and an energy bill of some 10 M) and it consists of agas

The purpose of this study is to determine how levels of ventilation rates and indoor air quality vary in elementary schools in southern Japan. This study is based on field monitoring carried out as intermittent monitoring from summer to winter. The concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and the air exchange rates were measured in four classrooms in Kagoshima City. The measurements also included carbon dioxide (CO2) in a selected classroom with occupancy of the pupils.

Although the concept of ventilation has been around for several thousand years, the application of ventilation to overcome low productivity in warm to hot climates has been neglected over the last few decades. Since the advent of relatively cheap air conditioning owners have been seduced into installing air conditioning in the belief that the supposed increase in productivity will offset the high capital installation cost as well as the operation and maintenance expense. Local limited research has indicated that this is not the case. In fact, anecdotal evidence suggests the opposite.

The passive cooling techniques such as night time cross ventilation is potentially an interesting strategy to provide substantial cooling energy savings in warm climates. The efficiency of the night cooling ventilation is determined by three main factors: the external air flow rate in the room, the flow pattern and the thermal mass distribution. Most of the software used to simulate building thermal performance assumes natural convection in the enclosure; therefore the convective heat transfer coefficients for internal room surfaces are underestimated.

The potential for passive cooling of roof slabs incorporating an air cavity is important with respect tothermal comfort. Roof systems in traditional buildings, incorporated a ventilated roof or an air cavity.The concept has been proposed again in contemporary buildings in the construction of roof slabs,using a modular formwork system, where the cast in situ concrete slab is isolated from the screed with the introduction of a ventilated air space. The cavity is primarily intended to curtail the conduction and inward radiation of heat from the intense solar insolation on the concrete roof.

Natural ventilation driven by the combined forces of wind and buoyancy has been studiedexperimentally for a building flanked by others forming urban canyons. The steady ventilationestablished in an isolated building was observed to change dramatically, both in terms of the thermalstratification and airflow rate, when placed in the confines of an urban canyon environment. Theresulting ventilation flows and internal stratifications are presented for different combinations of windspeed, opening area and location, and canyon width (building density).

The process of implementation of the EPBD in Austria is now carried out for several years. Thecalculation scheme for asset rating is finished, the operational rating procedure is still being discussed.One of the major problems in Austria is the fact that most building laws are under the responsibility ofthe nine Austrian provinces. Therefore all political decisions like baseline and limits of the energydemand for the building codes are difficult to achieve. These values are therefore still underdiscussion.

The EPBD prescribes an energy performance certificate for buildings. According to the nationalimplementations of the EPBD for non-domestic buildings the specific data of the building will begathered during the certification process and combined into a multi zone model describing buildingand building systems from an energetic point of view.