IBPSA2011

This paper describes the development of a modelling approach which combines the energy use in industrial production, with the energy flows relating to the building. Through case studies, the effects of energy conservation measures in production on the overall thermal energy balance of a factory production area are explored. The paper identifies three types of manufacturing processes; thermal ‘air’ process (oven), thermal ‘fluid’ process (vat) and electrical processes (motor).

This paper adopts an Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to investigate the dispersion behaviors of human exhaled droplets under the displacement ventilation in a typical office room. A particle source in-cell (PSI-C) scheme is used to correlate the concentration with the Lagrangian particle trajectories in computational cells. Droplets with size from 0.1-20μm are released from a numerical thermal manikin’s (NTM) nose or mouth with different initial momentums and directions. The possible cross-infection risk caused by the exhaled infectious droplets is investigated.

This paper describes a systematic methodology for the development of calibrated thermodynamic Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models for controlled environments in buildings utilising wireless sensor networks. The calibrated CFD model will be used to optimise the positions of the physical sensors for the management of energy efficient internal environments by building operators.

Excess energy consumption of HVAC system is not usually noticed without the dissatisfaction to thermal environment. Recently it has become easier to discover it in buildings with the aid of Building Energy Management System (BEMS). Indoor Air Mixing loss occurs in an office when the perimeter zone is heated by one HVAC system and the interior zone is cooled by the other system. The aim of this study is the quantitative analysis of the mixing energy loss in office buildings. Experiments are conducted in a full-size experiment room.

Given the challenges to design Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs), the use of Building Performance Simulation (BPS) tools during early design phases has been indispensable. In this context, we compare ten early design BPS tools. The aim is to define the potential of using and integrating the tools by architect during the design of NZEBs. The examined tools include HEED, e-Quest, ENERGY-10, Vasari, Solar Shoebox, Open Studio Plug-in, IES-VE- Ware, DesignBuilder, ECOTECT and BEopt.  The comparison is based on two different criteria sets.

The accurate representation of building operation is essential for building simulation to represent the consequence of design and operational controls correctly.  This imperative is increasing with the use of calibrated simulations as a tool in the retrofit of buildings.  Central to this is the representation of HVAC systems and controls, which have a major influence on building performance.  In this paper, the representation of common HVAC types and control strategies in DOE-2, Tas, Energy Plus and IES is reviewed and compared.

This study investigates the impact of air tightness assumptions on the accuracy of energy performance predictions generated by building simulation of Australian office buildings.  The first part of this paper will present the results of air leakage testing of a number of Australian office buildings performed by the author in conjunction with a commercial air leakage testing company.

This paper discusses the potential of a Solar Assisted Ground-­Source  Heat  Pump  (SAGSHP)  system  configuration  with  unglazed  solar  collectors  to supply space heating in French office buildings, with reduced capital cost.  Experimental  results  are  used    to  develop  validated  TRNSYS  component  models  for  the  unglazed  solar collectors and the heat pump. A complete TRNSYS model  (system  and  building)  is  then  developed  to  assess the potential of this SAGSHP configuration in a typical office building in France.

This paper introduces a newly developed multi-criteria decision making tool called RR-PARETO and its application to HVAC design. As an illustration, five criteria have been selected, namely, power consumption, thermal comfort, risk of infection of influenza and tuberculosis and effective differential temperature (Δteq) of body parts, with the objective of selecting the optimal air exchange rate that makes reasonable trade-offs among the criteria.

Designers oversize HVAC systems for various reasons, and some reasons are more justifiable than others. In oversizing the system, the designers are essentially asking the building owner to incur the financial penal-ties of oversizing throughout the life of the HVAC sys-tem in favor of the theoretical benefit of perfect oc-cupant comfort during the combination of all possible extreme conditions.