Measurements of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters were carried out in three classrooms of a school in Porto. They were conducted in winter, spring and summer twice a week. The results are presented. Low ventilation and high number of students per classroom are responsible for the high concentration of CO2.
This paper sums up the findings from three current analyses of BASE data. Using multivariate logistic regression models, the authors found increasing occupant symptoms associated with building related factors. The method, results and discussion are presented.
Research in 88 central Florida commercial buildings during the last decade has found that 26% of the air distribution systems had substantially unbalanced return air. Unbalanced return air occurs when there is a restriction to airflow between the supply discharge and the return air, creating positive and negative pressure fields throughout the building.
The objective of this field investigation was to compare the impacts on thermal comfort due to vertical location of return air inlets in a residential forced-air system operating in the cooling mode. Design guidelines for forced-air cooling systems recommend placing return air inlet locations above
the occupied zone in order to improve circulation of stagnant air and reduce thermal stratification. A companion study of the heating mode is under way. Results from the research will be used to recommend optimal return air inlet locations for yearround performance.
In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are used to evaluate how ceiling height affects the overall performance of the air distribution system within a data center environment. First, an underfloor air delivery system is examined while keeping all operational parameters constant and
Contamination sources and prevention is a topic that all facility planners and designers must consider in the data processing environment. Contaminants can be grouped into one of three categories: gaseous, solids (particulates) and liquids. Although very small and at times not easily seen without the aid of magnifying lenses or laboratory analysis, contamination can have a disastrous impact on equipment reliability and availability. Information technology (IT) equipment
This paper summarizes a laboratory investigation into the effects that range top diversity, range accessories (including shelving and a salamander) and hood dimensions (including hood height and depth and reservoir volume) have on hood performance with respect to the minimum exhaust rate required for complete capture and containment of cooking effluent. The appliances used for the study include a six-burner gas range, a gas salamander, an underfired gas broiler, a twovat
This paper summarizes the primary results from ASHRAE Research Project RP-1202, a laboratory investigation into the effects that appliance diversity and position have on exhaust hood performance. The objective was to quantify the impact that appliance position and diversity, side panels and front overhang had on the minimum exhaust rate required to provide capture and containment. The appliances included a gas broiler in the heavy-duty category, a two-vat gas fryer in the medium-duty category and an electric full-size convection oven in the light-duty category.
In line with the mission of the National Park Service, the Zion National Park Visitor Center was designed to use 70% less energy than a comparable visitor center built to Federal Energy Code 10 CFR 435 (DOE 1995). The authors and NPS staff used an integrated design process, including extensive simulations, to minimize the energy consumption. The result was a passive solar commercial building that has a good thermal envelope, daylighting and natural ventilation. Passive
Two high-performance prototype houses were built in Carbondale, Colorado, as part of the US Department of Energy’s Building America (BA) Program. Each prototype was a 1256 ft2 (117 m2), one-story, three-bedroom house and met the local requirements for aff
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