The examination of the effects of cross-ventilation when a porous hedge is placed ahead of a residential building is presented in this paper. For the prediction of the airflow characteristics around both the porous hedge and the building, a CFD simulation has been carried out. Results and conclusions are presented.
This study aims at checking the viability of natural ventilation in urban environment, especially in street canyons. Reduced wind velocity, urban heat island, noise, pollution are barriers for a natural ventilation in town. The effects of those barriers have been quantified and the models developed can be used in the initial stages of building design , mainly in street canyons.
The differences and similarities between natural and mechanical wind in built environment are the subject of this paper. In that aim, a spectral analysis is applied to study the natural and mechanical wind characteristics in different conditions. In the end, the influence of spectral characteristics on human sensation for airflow are presented.
CFD has been applied to calculate the flow in a kitchen hood system at operating conditions. Fluent code was used to solve the governing equations (mass, momentum, energy and turbulence).The predicted characteristics curves of the hood ventilator and load coefficients appear to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
During winter 2000-2001, a field study was performed to investigate the thermal environment and the thermal comfort in residential buildings in Harbin, China. 120 participants answered subjective questionnaires and provided sets of physical data. For the collection of the measured parameters of indoor environment, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD), an indoor climate analyzer and a thermal comfort meter were used. The conclusions of that field study are presented.
The steady-state distribution of contaminant concentrations in a workroom depends on several factors, among them the types of air inlets and exhausts and their relative position. For that study different inlets and exhaust locations and types have been investigated in order to determine the optimal ones.Contaminant concentrations were explored by CFD and the results were validated with experimental results.
This paper discusses a procedure of building calibration for indoor air quality management. The aim is to set the mimimum fresh air quantity in function of the indoor pollutant concentrations rather than metabolic carbon dioxide. Records of IAQ in a typical high-rise building is also presented in this article.
For the numerical analysis of particle deposition velocity and deposited particle mass flux in the ventilation duct, CFD has been adopted. This paper presents a three-dimensional drift-flux model combined with particle deposition boundary conditions for wall surfaces. In order to understand the particle deposition in the straight ventilation duct, several groups of particle size are investigated at two average air speeds in ducts.
A methodology is proposed to perform a multicriteria analysis of health, comfort and energy efficiency in buildings. That methodology is applied to a sample of 64 office buildings and 96 apartment buildings. Two sets of buildings have been determined : best buildings and unacceptable ones in terms of comfort, health, energy saving. The significant differences are presented. It appears possible to design healthy, comfortable and energy efficient buildings.
96 apartment buildings and 64 office buildings were investigated for that survey in correlation with the european HOPE project. Occupants answered questionnaires to determine their satisfaction about comfort and health. The collected data were compared and analyzed. Correlations between perceived comfort and building characteristics were found along with correlations between perceived comfort and building related symptoms As a conclusion, it appears possible to design healthy, comfortable and energy efficient buildings.
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