Thermal bridges are parts of the building envelope where, due to the two-dimensional or three-dimensional character of the heat conduction, either the inside surface temperatures are rather low, which can cause condensation, or the heat losses are rather high. In this paper thermal bridges are analyzed by numerical methods, shortly described in the first section. They are based on energy balance techniques.
An analysis of the important factors for comfort in indoor climate is given. For the thermal complex, the results from calculations of the energy balance model MEMI are used to quantify the effects of the single meteorological parameters on occupants in indoor climate. The quantifications show that besides the air temperature, the mean radiation temperature and the air velocity, especially at very low levels, are also quite decisive for the occupant's mean skin temperature which is used as a measure for comfort.
A new method to determine flows and volumes in multiple cell systems with a single tracer gas in one active experiment is described. The tracer gas is released in each cell in a certain pattern in time. The pattern is chosen sothat the influen
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