In most cities, vehicles are the main sources of pollutants. The concentration of pollutants is then known to vary with traffic intensity. Ventilation flows should be adjusted accordingly, which would give improved air quality, especially in dwellings.
The indoor-outdoor comparison of volatile organic compounds was made in 52 private homes in the City of Munich, Germany. The VOC concentrations were measured by trapping with activated charcoal tubes and analyzed by capillary GC. The infiltrated NO, was monitored in the indoor air. It can be concluded that the benzene concentration in the indoor air is controlled by the outdoor concentration for approximatively 30 % of the investigated cases.
ASHRAE's definition of acceptable indoor air quality demands air in which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrations and air with which a substantial majority (usually 80 %) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction. Investigations on indoor air pollutants and emission sources are the scientific way to a good indoor air quality tomorrow. To guarantee pleasant and healthy breathing indoors today the control of IAQ is necessary. Demand ventilation control by unspecific sensors is one possible way there.
Heating ventilating and air conditioning (HV AC) duct insulation in a county government facility in south Florida USA was removed because of heavy fungal infestation of the building. Samples of these materials were examined by direct microscopy and enrichment culture. Additional insulation samples were desiccated for three weeks over silica drying gel, weighed, then placed over saturated salt in water solutions at known relative humidities. At relative humidities approaching 95%, some insulation samples on an average gained 6% of their dry weight in water.
Surely, nobody has anything against the idea of a sustainable society. But how is it to be achieved? And what can we ourselves do when everybody else insists on taking their car to work? This is how people usually argue. People do not see any direct relationship between their own way of life and the way nature reacts. This has been tackled in Seattle on the western seaboard of the US. This is where the concept of sustainability factors was first tested within the built environment.
The new headquarters of the Commerzbank in Frankfurt - the tallest office building in Europe - has proved one thing conclusively: it is possible to build a vast high rise in the middle of a busy city and use passive techniques to control its internal environment
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