In this paper, a theoretical analysis is performed to analyze the effective air exchange rate by fluctuating flow for natural ventilation. A simple model is proposed for the analysis.

A numerical simulation and experimental measures were made on a prototype specially built for that study of a new system of air distribution inside an hospital railway coach.For the air injection into the carriage, high-induction terminal, in particular micro-jets terminal has been employed. Simulations are in adequacy with values obtained with the experimental measures on the prototype.

For that study, a mathematical analysis is applied graphically and quantitatively to investigate the multiple steady state behavior of combined buoyancy and wind driven natural ventilation system.The necessary conditions for that multiple steady states to exist are investigated along with the impact of initial conditions on the final state of the system.

This paper presents a numerical method for the study of cross-ventilation with respect to the use of local dynamic similarity model. That model is a ventilation model which predicts the discharge coefficient and the inflow angle at the opening of a cross-ventilated building. Results indicate that the flow rate either calculated directly by CFD or using the local dynamic similarity model is acceptable.

For that study, surveys were first performed to study the relationship between indoor temperature and air conditioner On control. Then, a control behavior model including cross ventilation, based on the survey results was devised. Finally, the results simulated with that method were compared to those with the typical method.

In California, the relocatable classrooms are typically under ventilated : such conditions affect the quality education and the student health. The authors are developing a new HVAC system addressing the problems of noise and energy inefficiency. A prototype was operated in a relocatable classroom test-bed to characterize its performances. Then during one year, ten of the new HVAC systems are being monitored in parallel with the current standard HVAC systems in four schools in Northern and Southern California.

The distributions of air velocity, temperature and humidity are affected by the types and shapes of diffusers for supply air in an occupied zone. So it is important to select proper diffusers in the design procedure of the HVAC systems. The aim of that study is to propose a selection guide for a proper line diffuser in a room when perimetric heating load exists.

This paper focuses on the methods for an efficient use of upper openings in large space buildings in Shanghai International Gymnastics Stadium. A huge improvement of the energy saving is due to the use of natural ventilation.The results of the approach may instruct the design of the thermal environment and the effective operation of air-conditioning systems in large space buildings.

This paper discusses how to calculate the LCC (life cycle cost) for different indoor climate systems in typical Swedish buildings in the aim to help the client in choosing the most appropriate indoor climate system in a certain situation. Office buildings and residential buildings are considered, industrial buildings are not considered.
It would be interesting to extend the analysis to include the LCC for the entire building and not just the indoor climate system.

Urgently, bio-hazardous air cleaners had been developed in Taiwan hospital to control the Severe Acute Respirator Syndrome (SARS).The building up and the fuming gas decontamination of bio-hazardous air cleaners are illustrated in this paper along with the retrofitting of the HVAC system of respiratory isolation room.