This paper advises the use of Standard 62 IAQ procedure to calculate the required outside air with air-cleaning systems to clean gasses, vapors and to improve the removal of particulates. That use allows a saving of energy, improves environment and makes easier the maintenance.
A high school of The Blue Valley School District located in Kansas city had a history of complaints about poor IAQ that was not conducive to learning. A study was carried out to provide a superior IAQ and to reduce annual utility costs. A new displacement ventilation system has replaced the traditional mixing one, a new boiler plant has created a higher seasonal efficiency. The results are quite satisfactory.
This paper describes the case of the Ecole du Tournant in the province of Quebec. This school is greenhouse gas free and is 80 % more energy efficient than a similar school built according to the Model National Energy Code for Building (MNECB). That result has been obtained thanks to an innovative design method, its envelope's quality, its high efficiency lighting systems, low-energy HVAC system and intelligent control system.L
The aim of that experimental and modelling study is to determine the impact of different ventilation strategies on indoor particle concentration. For that experiment, polydispersed polyamide powders have been injected in a cubic test-room equipped with a mechanical ventilation system. Then experimental conditions have been simulated in a three dimensional numerical model. The results of the simulation have been compared with the experimental ones and it appears that the particle behaviour is well predicted.
For that study, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was made : It concerned 2031 occupants of 11 naturally ventilated and 11 mechanically ventilated office buildings.The results of that questionnaire showed a strong need for improving IAQ, thermal comfort and reducing noise in open-plan offices. It appears that jobs that need a high degree of concentration or individual effort may not be suited for those open spaces.
Nine patients and 34 buildings (homes, various shops, offices, a library, hospital departments and sport centers) were included in that study. For every patient, two "non-problem" and two "problem" buildings were selected for sampling. A multivariate VOC model was used for the classification of "problem" and "non-problem" buildings .The result of the study showed a difference in the collected VOC data in the two types of buildings , with a systematic difference in the chemical composition of the air in the buildings.
This paper presents a simple and indirect method to consider the influence of persons' movements on contaminant transport in an operating room. The movements have been modeled by CFD. It appears that they might cause a local but serious risk of transport of bacteria from the non-clean zone to the clean zone. The findings can improve the practical risk assessment of unintended transport of bacteria during operations.
The influence of three airflows (constant airflow, simulated natural airflow and sinusoidal airflow) on thermal comfort was studied in this paper.Their different fluctuation characteristics were used to conduct experiments on human thermal response in two different temperature environments, neutral-warm (30C) and cool-neutral (26C) environments. The method and results are presented.
From the epidemiological point of view, the main pathway to infection spread is airborne transport. The droplet size is the most important factor affecting their dispersion and deposition on surfaces, it determines the survival of microorganisms within the droplets.
This paper is a review of the state of knowledge concerning mechanisms of droplet spread and the solutions available to minimize their spreading and thus to prevent infections.
This paper discusses the impact of indoor air on people at home, at school and at the office . The methods that can provide large improvements of IAQ while saving energy are also presented. This paper estimates an enormous potential that can improve IAQ in practice by using new emerging technologies