Today, especially in the developed industrialised nations, we have a high standard of foodsupply for the population. In these societies people are asking increasingly how and underwhich conditions their foods are produced. These questions relate above all to the complexesof animal health and animal management conditions, product quality, and influences on theenvironment caused by animal production. One problem in this connection is the high airtemperatures together with high air humidity. There are not only in hot climates but also inGermany high temperatures during the summer period.

This paper presents the results of a study to determine the thermal comfort requirements ofthe occupants in Iranian hospitals. It arrives at its conclusions through consideration of thewide range of metabolic rates and clothing levels experienced by the occupants. The studyincludes both patients and staff, and only considers patient recovery wards as these are wherethe greatest range of thermal comfort needs will normally be found. This study uses ISO 7730as its basis, with reference also to ASHRAE 55 and CIBSE.

The occupants of hospitals like other buildings have widely differing thermal comfortrequirements due to their different levels of clothing and metabolism. The study indicatedthree main groups of occupants in Iranian hospitals as: patients that are able to be covered,patients that are not able to be covered regarding their medical conditions, and staff. Thisstudy investigated the thermal comfort calculated to have been achieved for differentoccupants in Iranian hospitals.

The impacts of indoor thermal environment on body physiology have been carried on for four years (2003-2007) in laboratory in Chongqing, a typical city located in hot-summer and cold-winter region in China. Experimental objectives used are healthy university students. The range of indoor air temperature in summer is 25 C - 37.5 C.The objectives physiological changes (Motor nerve Conduction Velocity, Sensory nerve Conduction Velocity, Skin Temperature etc.) under different temperatures and ventilations have been tested.

Concerns about energy efficiency, has brought new constructive trends researches. Aspects as environmental comfort is quite important, with regard to new constructive technologies, showing the need of standardizing Brazilian buildings to acquire thermal comfort. The necessity of new internal environment data in buildings has motivated surveys about it. The proposal is to present the constructive typologies of buildings and their indoor variables in Curitiba city, Parana state, South of Brazil, relating it to the Bioclimatic Chart, proposed by Givoni [1], for countries in development.

Currently, numerical simulation research on indoor air and human thermal comfort usuallyfocuses on the air-conditioning room in summer. This paper uses an Air-conditioneddormitory in winter as a model to study indoor airflow and human thermal comfort. Thispaper uses k -e three-dimensional turbulence model and N-S equation, considers airflowwith room shape and obstacles as one, calculates the indoor airflow and heat transferproblems with overall solution, studies indoor air form especially velocity field withnumerical simulation.

Energy efficient behaviour was studied by a questionnaire addressing office workersaltogether in 34 office buildings in Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, France and Italy. AFinnish occupancy study of the possibilities to adjust working environment and thus gainbetter working efficiency offered comparative reference results on similar themes.The possibility to control personal working environment was most important for the officeworkers. The qualitative building automation had a positive influence on the feedbackregarding workspaces.

This paper presents the findings of a short-term monitoring exercise and questionnaire surveyto assess the thermal comfort conditions actually being achieved in 6 Iranian Office buildings.The findings of the questionnaire and monitoring are compared to give confidence that thequestionnaire is accurately reflecting the calculated comfort conditions obtained from thephysically monitoring and site observations.

Subjective experiments were carried out in a climate chamber using 16 Japanese subjects ofboth genders, in order to evaluate human comfort at very low humidity. Two levels ofabsolute humidity were set, 2.0 g/kg(DA) and 10.0 g/kg(DA). Three air temperatureconditions with absolute humidity of 2.0g/kg(DA), 20.0C/13%RH, 25.0C/10%RH and30.0C/8%RH, and 3 conditions with 10.0g/kg(DA), 20.0C/68%RH, 25.0C/50%RH,30.0C/38%RH, were examined. People were exposed in a chamber for 90 minutes withsedentary activity.

Physiological parameters measured by an embedded body sensor system were demonstratedto respond to changes of the air temperature in an office environment. The thermal parameterswere monitored with the use of a wireless sensor system that made possible to turn anyexisting room into a field laboratory. Two human subjects were monitored over dailyactivities and at various steady-state thermal conditions when the air temperature of the roomwas altered from 22-23C to 25-28C. The subjects indicated their thermal feeling onquestionnaires.