Emergency smoke ventilation for a uni-directional traffic road tunnel is studied using a CFD modelling approach. Fire scenarios in an uphill ramp for congested traffic conditions have been considered. Based on a longitudinal smoke ventilation system with a damper smoke-extraction device on the ceiling soffit, the impact of longitudinal ventilation (LV) control, operation of fire suppression intervention and emergency response delay have been quantitatively investigated.

CFD modelling techniques have been used to simulate the coupled external and internal flow in a cubic building with two dominant openings. CFD predictions of the time-averaged cross ventilation flow rates have been validated against full-scale experimental data under various weather conditions in England. RANS model predictions proved reliable when wind directions were near normal to the vent openings. However, when the fluctuating ventilation rate exceeded the mean flow, RANS models were incapable of predicting the total ventilation rate.

Considering the likelihood of contributions of various indoor air pollutants to detrimental health effects, the Community-COST Concertation Committee of the Concerted Action "Indoor Air Quality and its lmpact on Man" (COST Project 61 3) decided that indoor radon is a well studied indoor pollutant both in terms of occurring concentrations and expected adverse health effects. In July 1985 the Article 31 Euratom Treaty Group of Experts set up a Working Party to study and report on this matter.

The UK construction industry is beginning to take notice of Post Occupancy Evaluations (POE) of completed buildings. POE studies have found that actual energy consumption in buildings often bears no resemblance to design predictions and low-level comfort problems persist. In the UK, there are a growing number of supporters for the routine use of POE in the construction industry. This paper discusses the in-use performance of an Advanced Naturally Ventilated secondary school building in the UK.

Recently, in the Polish building sector, there has been a conflict between ventilation techniques and a strong tendency toward increasing building airtightness. Despite this increasing airtightness, the ventilation process in the majority of these buildings still depends on the uncontrolled supply of air through gaps in windows combined with natural exhaust air ducts. To improve energy efficiency in the building sector, more airtight envelopes constructed of modern materials of low air leakage coefficient are being constructed.

During the past few years, the research team of the University of Michigan has developed techniques to solve problems associated with designing a performance evaluation tool environment. This paper describes the development of a system (Web-IBEDO) that makes use of emerging communication technology. The system is being used as a model for a larger implementation of distributed multi-simulation environment that provides quantitative data for bioclimatic building design.

This paper presents a new simplified method to measure the air entrainment ratio of an active chilled beam or induction unit. The method uses a single anemometer and a simple purpose built measurement venturi together with the primary airflow rate. The new method is described and its calibration procedure is explained. Measured results are compared with results obtained according to European Standard prEN15116 with two extra sensors measuring the after coil air temperature. Results show that the new rectangular venturi method produces reliable and consistent results.

Real-time control of comfort in indoor spaces needs models of temperature distribution and the air velocity field. Complete models, based on CFD, give this information but, because of processing time limitations, cannot be applied to real-time calculations. Therefore, a reduced model is needed. This study proposes to reduce the complexity of a CFD model by first considering a fixed velocity field and solving only the energy balance equation, then putting this equation in the form of state-space and finally by reducing its order by Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD).

The innovation of computational simulations at the design stage can provide a more accurate prediction of building characteristics. Presenting information about practical cases is essential to validate the usefulness of computed predictions. This paper focuses on the coupling of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and flow network model simulations, and their validation by means of field measurements. An energy-saving building was designed and built. In the building, natural ventilation is utilized incorporating unique and challenging concepts.

The suction cylinder described in this paper is a device to increase the ventilation flow rate, especially in naturally ventilated buildings. Outdoor wind is the driving force. The principle of operation is the development of a pressure drop created by the relative increase in flow velocity as wind driven air flows through a nozzle. This paper basically describes how this pressure drop and resultant momentum can be used to provide exhaust ventilation.