States that it is accepted practice to determine wind effects on and around a building by measurements in a scaled model in a boundary-layer wind tunnel. At large scales of reproduction it is impossible to simulate the entire depth of the atm
Reports on experiments carried out on models with trough roofs in order to study the influence of parapet height and wind turbulence. The models were exposed to both turbulent shear flow and a smooth uniform flow. Pressure coefficients were c
Reports on a study conducted to determine the impact of different ventilation rates on office building energy use, first cost, and peak electrical demand. Uses the DOE-2.1 computer program to simulate an energy-efficient office building in 5 cit
The heating system of a Junior High School in Minnesota has been re-equipped with a CO2-controlled variable ventilation system. The outdoor air dampers remain fully closed whenever the CO2 concentration is below a specified setpoint. During the early months of 1980, the system operated in alternate periods under the conventilanal temperature-driven control strategy and the experimental CO2-driven control strategy.
In future, high altitude correction factors will be considered in computing the ventilation heat load in high rise buildings. The algorithms necessary for the calculation are deducted and stated by the author.
Discusses air quality and the related definitions of ventilation efficiency. Suggests a definition of efficiency for ventilation systems in residential buildings that takes into consideration how ventilation air spreads within a dwelling. Measurements of the efficiency for exhaust, supply and combined systems show that for combined and supply systems the highest efficiency occurs in those parts where the air is supplied.
Outlines project where 25 representative dwellings from Birmingham Local Authority Housing stocks were monitored before and after energy retrofitting. Findings are presented as a set of case studies encompassing both fabric and infiltration measures. Suggests that simple energy conservation measures are successful but that more sophisticated combinations tend to under-achieve. Ventilation changes in several cases are impaired by increased use of windows and/or permanent ventilation. Where these effects are'nt operating, reductions of between 0.3 - 0.6 ac/hr appear typical.
Describes a programme of ventilation measurements performed on a group of energy efficient houses built in the mid-1970's and situated in Abertridwr, S.Wales. Pressurization, tracer decay and British Gas autovent techniques were employed. Results show satisfactory whole-house ventilation rates (0.5 ac/h), but the living room and bedrooms had very low ventilation rates. Some cases showed serious condensation. "Trickle" ventilation installed in 18 of the houses improved internal ventilation patterns and condensation levels were substantially reduced.
Describes a simple method of controlled ventilation comprising an extract system and air inlets. The extract system is effectively a flue connecting to vents in the kitchen and bathroom and relying on thermal differences and the wind to create air flow, air enters the house via slot vents over windows. Theproposed system has been installed in a timber framed house.