French regulation regarding residential ventilation dates from 1982. Almost every new residential buildings constructed since then are equipped with a mechanical ventilation system. 
For non-residential buildings, the regulation dates from 1979 and does not impose the installation of a ventilation system as a prescriptive requirement. Nevertheless, if air renewal relies only on windows opening, a significant windows area is necessary (according to the floor area) for the building to be considered compliant with the regulation. 
 

In Belgium, the requirements for ventilation in buildings can be found in national ventilation standards, national health regulation and in regional environmental regulations and EPB regulations (Energy Performance and Indoor Climate). In 2006 the latter regulations were introduced for the first time including mandatory requirements for ventilation.

This paper provides a background regarding building ventilation regulations and inspection requirements in Ireland. Ventilation requirements for new buildings are provided in the National Building Regulations, which apply to the whole of the Republic of Ireland. 

In Spain, the construction sector has undergone significant changes over the last twenty years due to new ventilation standards driven by increased awareness of indoor air quality (IAQ) and energy efficiency, as well as environmental policies. 

The objective of this study is to assess the ability to mitigate the airborne particle concentration in a mechanically ventilated meeting room with stand-alone air cleaners (ACs) as function of the amount and type of devices, the total airflow rate, the location(s) of the device(s) in the room and their flow pattern. Six commercially available ACs, selected to be representative of the French market, are included in the study, each featuring distinct airflow patterns for both air inlet and outlet.

This study aims to evaluate airborne cross-infection risk under different discharge angle (-20°, 0°, and +20°) and supply temperatures (18, 25, and 30 °C) of an air-conditioner, with various body orientations (face-to-face, side-by-side, and back-to-back). Field experiments on particle dispersion were conducted within a full-scale test chamber using a manikin-shaped particle generator and detector with simulated particles (NaCl). Initial trends in particle transmission varied with body orientations.

The main purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of heat gain, airflow rate, air distribution, and the location of an infector on the airborne transmission and infection probability in a meeting room. In a six-person meeting room the droplet nuclei of an infected person were simulated with tracer gas (SF6) generated by a thermal breathing manikin. An overhead perforated duct (OPD) and low velocity unit (LVU) were used and their performance was compared.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is increasingly accepted as a leading factor in human health, and the ventilation of our indoor spaces is a key modifier of IAQ as the principal means by which indoor pollutants are diluted. Knowledge of the ventilation rate is essential for understanding and modelling our indoor environment, yet quantifying the ventilation rate for regular operational spaces remains a challenge.

The field of building ventilation and indoor air quality (IAQ) often employs indoor CO2 concentrations as an indicator of outdoor air ventilation rates and, in some cases, as a contaminant impacting human health and comfort. Many of these applications require CO2 emission rates from building occupants (VCO2), which can be predicted based on occupant characteristics (e.g., body mass, sex, age) and activity level (e.g., sleeping, exercise, resting). In some applications, this information is fairly well known.

The need of maximum airtightness is essential in order to ensure that the fire compartment can maintain the required concentration of suppression gas for a specified duration and effectively suppress or extinguish a fire. In Greece there are many facilities with requirements for a high-level protection, but until today, most (if not all) of them have not any integrity test certification. They are complacent by the certifications of the materials applied and the only way to confirm the effectiveness of the room’s integrity is when a fire will take place.