Computer simulation of building airtightness measurements shows the effect of changes inpressure distribution across the building envelope due to wind force and temperature differenceon measurement accuracy. The wide range of leakage distributions, wind directions and velocitiesconsidered give information on the boundaries of these uncertainties. For wind velocities on siteof v(site) ~= 3 m/s, the additional uncertainty in the flow rate at 50 Pa (Q50) found is comparable tothe uncertainty due to standard pressure gauges or operator (about 3%).

Measurements of ventilation rates and indoor climate parameters were carried out in fiveEstonian residential buildings. The purpose of the study was to investigate potentialdifferences-between residences in former eastern Europe and Scandinavia, as regards theindoor environment. Air change rates were measured both during wintertime and springtime,and the air temperature and relative humidity were monitored both outdoors and indoors overextended periods of time. A variety of both organic and inorganic air pollutants weremeasured using both passive sampling and continuous monitoring.

Air temperature, air humidity and ventilation has been measured in a Swedish baroque castle. Results are presented for a measurement campaign comprising four periods under varying climatic conditions. A passive tracer gas method, known as the homogeneous emission technique has been used to measure the ventilation rates and air distribution in the building. As the palace is essentially unheated, wind pressure is the main driving force for ventilation. The air change rate is highly varying and differs considerably in different parts of the building (0.5-1.5 ACH).

In recent years, increasing importance has been placed on energy efficiency in residentialbuildings. This has resulted in tighter buildings, which raises concerns about the amount ofventilation required to provide acceptable indoor air quality. Relatively few studies have beenconducted on multifamily buildings, where the multiple zone interaction makes testing andanalysis difficult. In order to address this problem, detailed testing of air flows, pressures, andtemperatures was done at three electrically-heated multifamily buildings in the U.S.

The paper presents a study on application of pressurisation tests of selected apartments as a base for analysis of natural ventilation in multi-family building. The analysis has been performed for 5-floor building constructed in late sixties. 10 apartments from a total number of 45 have been selected for pressurisation tests. The discussion presents estimations of windows' air tightness, the influence of additional air sealing on windows' infiltration coefficient and flow rates at reference conditions.

The Building Components Technology Department of ICITE, the Central Institute forIndustrialization and Technology in Building of the Italian National Research Council hasstarted an experimental research on natural controlled ventilation devices.Today the air quality of an indoor environment may have several effects on our health, due tothe presence of polluting and extremely noxious agents in the places we most frequently use.That is the reason why ICITE has undertaken to develop a research and an experimentationstudy aimed at establishing a device for the controlled natural ventilation of

This report describe the thermal performance and air distribution of a Kumamoto prefecturalindoor sports ground in Japan. The swirling flow type natural air ventilation system wasadopted in combination with environmental symbiotic technique, and attempts was made topositively harmonize the system with the environment. In the measurements, emphasis wasput on the identification of thermal environment and on the verification of the swirling flowtype natural air ventilation system.

This paper describes a numerical method for the determination of the effective depth of fresh air distribution in rooms with single-sided natural ventilation. The numerical method involves predicting air flow and the local mean age of air. The renormalisation group two-equation model of turbulence is used with the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy to predict turbulent buoyancy-induced room air flow. The local mean age of air is then obtained from the solution of air flow equations together with the transport equation for the age of air.

The aim of this study is to illustrate the importance of the effects of wind turbulence on airchange in buildings. Using two simple configurations, tested over a short period, twoapproaches are compared.The tests are performed using m experimental house which is filly exposed to the wind.

In residential buildings, air-conditioners are usually operated in intermittent mode. Thisintermittent mode may complicate many aspects of indoor environments. Indoor humidityexcess is a major problem, since humidity excess is associated with biological pollution andformaldehyde emission. This paper reports our monitoring of indoor air temperature andrelative humidity in a real life building in the hot humid Hong Kong climate. These monitoredresults indicate that, in residential buildings, occupants habits in using windows for naturalventilation exacerbate indoor relative humidity excess.