Measurements of temperature and local heat flux were operated on a vertical surface, such as a window, equipped with louvers, such as those of a venetian blind, for different window temperatures, irradiation levels, louver to window spacings and louver angles. Results have been compared with calculations (see Airbase record # 14975). The comparison validates the numerical study.

This article presents the numerical study of the influence of louvers, such as those of a venetian blind, on heat transfer from an adjacent vertical surface, such as the indoor side of a window. The physical model used is described. Results show the influence on radiative and convective heat transfer, which were found as being of the same magnitude, of louver spacing, louver tip to window spacing, louver angle, window surface temperature and irradiation.

A zonal model has been nested within a multizone model to allow increased resolution in the prediction of local air flow velocities, temperature and concentration distributions between and within rooms. Simulations from the new program have been compared with measurements and results from other models.

The current design standard BS EN ISO 7730 is based upon the work of Fanger dated 1995, dealing with a steady-state human heat balance model that leads to a prediction of the sensation of human thermal comfort for a given set of thermal conditions. That model was then developed for "conventional" environments. But is the current standard still applicable to more sophisticated environments such as offices with chilled ceiling, in combination with displacement ventilation ? This paper presents findings from a study that sought to answer that question.

This paper presents a simplified system based on a new air supply opening model along with a numerical method to accelerate and simplify the convergence procedure of predicting air distribution in ventilated rooms. The new numerical method is called error pre-treatment method. It is simpler than multi-grid method and effective for SIMPLE algorithm commonly used for indoor airflow simulation.

The authors have developed a whole-field measuring technique that allows the visualization of air temperatures and airflow patterns over a large cross-section. For that measurement, an infrared camera and a measuring screen placed in the airflow are used. Thanks to that technique, real-time images within large areas can be recorded and transient events can be captured. The method was applied to a flow from a low-velocity diffuser in displacement ventilation.

Five air terminal devices (ATD) have been tested in a typical office workplace with a breathing thermal manikin. Tracer gas used to identify the amount of air inhaled and the amount of exhaled air re-inhaled. An index was used to assess the performance of ATD.

After a review of CFD models and a simplified (zonal) models predictions, a simplified procedure, based on charts and non dimensional groups, is proposed in order to evaluate the ventilation rate through an open vertical window.

The author gives practical advices in the design of local exhaust ventilation system (mainly hoods) to capture the contaminant and general ventilation systems to dilute the offending chemical contaminant to acceptable effects. The effect on local environment is studied too.

The National Institute of Health has conducted an extensive study on the issue of operating room ventilation system and its effect on protection of the chirurgical site. A CFD code using a finite-volume code was validated with experimental data.