Identification of contaminant sources in enclosed environments by inverse CFD modeling

This paper demonstrates how to use the inverse CFD model with the quasi-reversability equation and numerical scheme for the identification of gaseous contaminant sources in a two-dimensional aircraft cabin and in a three-dimensional office. That method is very useful to find where, what and how contamination has happened. The results are presented.

Natural ventilation in nursing facility

For the building project of the skilled nursing facility at the Washington veterans home in Washington state, natural ventilation with a complementary mechanical system has been chosen. The mechanical system features, energy efficiency, indoor air quality and thermal comfort, additional sustainable features are presented along with effective solutions. For the design team, staying focused on sustainability and quality of life issues was vital.

HVAC controls after an outside contaminant release

For that study, two tests were conducted to study the effects of HVAC system operation on contaminant uptake and distribution : two scenarios of tracer gas experiments were performed on an existing building simulating an external release. For the first experiment there was no action by the building controls. For the second one the outside air-handling unit was shut off along with the closing of the outside air damper, simultaneously with the beginning of release. The results are presented. Several additional operational issues should be addressed.

Childhood asthma and environmental interventions

In this paper, the costs of asthma are analyzed ( the direct medical costs, the absenteism) and home environmental interventions to reduce asthma triggers are presented : mechanical methods that are effective both in reducing allergen loads and educational methods for asthmatic children and their parents. The combination of interventions has proven cost effective in studies that have employed them.

The acceptable air velocity range for local air movement in the tropics

This article deals with the perception of locally applied airflow from personalized ventilation air terminal devices by tropically acclimatized people. During the experiments, 24 subjects (male and female) were exposed to local airflow from the front and towards the face at six air velocities (from 0.15 up to 0.9 m/s), at ambient temperatures of 26 C and 23.5 C and local air temperatures of
26 C, 23.5 C and 21 C. During each combination that was maintained during 15 minutes, the subjects responded to questionnaires on their thermal and draft sensations.

Indoor climate and ventilation in Finnish schools. Air distribution and temperature control in classrooms

Air distribution solutions to lower air velocities and good temperature control are studied in that paper. Measurements and temperature simulatins were carried out in 6 schools.

Odors and volatile organic compounds released from ventilation filters

For that paper, used supply air filters have been studied by sensory and chemical methods. Thermodesorption/cold trap (TCT) and headspace (HS) devices were used too to examine the filter dust. Results and conclusions are presented.

Air diffusion performance index of high sidewall line diffuser in a room with perimeter heating load

A numerical study has been done to determine the effect of the perimeter heating load on the air diffusion performance iindex (ADPI) of an air diffuser for different air flow rates and different heating loads.

Computer modeling of displacement ventilation systems based on plume rise in stratified environment

A model for displacement ventilation prediction based on plume rise of single point heat source was developed for that study. Numerical and experimental data are compared .

Adsorptive materials and VOCs

In that paper, an experiment conducted on decreasing VOC concentration in rooms made with adsorptive building materials is reported. The experiments and CFD analysis show those materials have a fairly strong effect of decreasing VOC concentrations in rooms.

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