Displacement Ventilation approach is becomingan interesting alternative to mixing ventilationainong Canadian consulting engineers. Thispaper presents two recent DisplacementVentilation projects designed by two inajorCanadian engineering firms. The designapproach chosen by the mechanical engineers isreviewed and compared to European andAmerican existing Displacement Ventilationdesign guidelines. The paper shows that sometraditional mixing ventilation assumptions arestill prevailing which alter the expected benefitsof the Displacement Ventilation approach.

It is believed that one method of maltingeffective use of energy is the sharing ofhydrogen energy or heat and electricityproduced by cogeneration systems at multiplefacilities in the community. In this regard,temporal changes in energy demand at variousfacilities in the comniunity greatly influencethe efficiency of such systems. Therefore, theactual conditions of heat demand as well aselectricity demand of different types ofbuildings were summarized

The main objective of this research is thepresentation of a method for finding lightingand power outlet energy consumption volume,which is both easy to calculate, and possesses acertain degree of accuracy, fiom the Japanesebackground of few lighting & outlet energydata and usefbl caclulation tools. Firstly, theexisting and newly measured data of officebuildings and commercial buildings werecollected, and the consumption structures wereanalyzed.

Considering density of housing in residentialarea of large cities in Japan, it is very difficultto secure sufficient daylight and lead daylightto whole space in the house. High side lightingis one of solutions for such situation. Andwhen high side windows are designed withopen beain, high side light can be propagatedto lower level through open beam. On theother hand, high side light brings highlightarea on walls or floors. The highlights areaoften appears on walls close to eye level. Thearea may cause glare phenomenon or maylower brightness of surrounding area bycontrast effect.

Cross-ventilation is difficult to predict andcontrol because wind exhibits a large degree ofvariation in both speed and direction.Consequently, the design of a well functioningcross-ventilation system presently demandsthorough and often expensive wind tunnel andCFD investigations. If one can lower the costneeded for these investigations much will begained. This paper considers the possibility toclassify types of flows based on straightforwardstatic pressure measurements.

In predicting the cross ventilation rate throughlarge openings, the use of general dischargedcoefficient , values for the conventionalorifice equation is not suitable. 'Interferencecoefficient' which is the ratio of the totalpressure loss coefficient of the room (0 to theconnected value of the pressure loss coefficientof an opening in series (Cn was used. This is akind of correction factor. The laboratory testswere conducted to measure this interferencecoefficient for the various opening sizes androom shapes using scaled models.

A semi-empirical ventilation model was proposed for cross-ventilation. This model isbased on local dynamic similarity theory andwas coupled with COMIS and TRNSYS, whichare widely used for energy conservationsimulation. A simulation study was performedon a typical detached house in Japan to evaluatethe energy conservation effect of crossventilationduring the day. The conventionalOrifice model overestimated the ventilation flow rates compared to those by COMIS-LDSM, especially when the approaching flow was not normal to the upwind openings.

Natural ventilation systems in multi-familyresidential buildings should meet the needs ofreducing ventilation heat loss as well asproviding good indoor air quality. Therefore, itis important to estimate the adequate area ofnatural ventilation systems based on reasonableperformance data.

This research concerns natural ventilation of the building with double-skin. It aims to get high performance cross ventilation by the control of opening and closing windows on outside exteriorwall and to make the wind pressures on the innerwall to be equal, small, positive value.

Recently most houses in northern Japan have becomehighly insulatedand airtight, whichhave caused seriousproblems such as indoor air pollution. Therefore, it isimportant to evaluate the performance of an airtighthouse from the viewpoint of ventilation. The aim ofthis paper is to clarify airflow rates in a house bymeasuring outdoor airflow rates and convection airwith single/multiple tracer gas techniques. The modelhouse has an underground crawl basement space withouter insulation and is designed with a passiveventilation design.