The Egyptian community in its path for rapid development is endeavouring to make all necessary andappropriate measures to enhance the efficiency of energy utilization and increase the beneficiation ofthe energy resources. Throughout the Nation, Energy resources are widely used and consumptionrates are in general exceeding the International accepted values. The use and application of new andrenewable energy sources can be harnessed to design, construct and operate a solar building ofmoderate size for desert applications.

This paper reviews the previous attempts to evaluate the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), investigatespreviously proposed IAQ factors and analyses the evaluation methods of these factors. The presentwork introduces, also, a new hypothesis of the optimum HVAC airside system design of the surgicaloperating theatres to achieve the comfort and hygiene levels. The present work is devoted to proposeand formulate a new scale capable of adequately evaluating the airflow pattern in the surgicaloperating theatres. The proposed new scale is proposed to cover the local and overall air qualityevaluations.

Airflow characteristics in ventilated and air-conditioned spaces play an important role to attain comfortand hygiene conditions. This paper utilizes a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model toassess the airflow characteristics in ventilated and air-conditioned archeological tombs of EgyptianKings in the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, Egypt .

The objective of this study is to provide research results of the actual conditions concerning theconcentrations of PM10, PM2.5, PM1 and CO2 among particle and gaseous pollutants in a subwaycarriage. Mean concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1, and CO2 in a subway carriage wereinvestigated as 215.1101.4 ? m-3, 86.938.6 ? m-3, 27.011.4 ? m-3, and 1,588714 ppm,respectively. These mean concentrations in a subway carriage were higher when it ran on anunderground track than on a ground track.

In this paper, the indoor environmental quality for the commuter train space was analyzed for assumingthe load factor of seat capacity to be a parameter of analysis. Especially flow fields, temperature and airquality distributions in vehicle space were analyzed by using CFD technique. Furthermore, it reports onthe result of examining the controllability of indoor climate in the vehicle when the displacementventilation system was applied in it.

This study aims to investigate and clarify the effects of roadside trees and moving automobiles onoutdoor airflow distribution, turbulent diffusion of air pollutants and thermal environment within streetcanyons by means of the results obtained from field measurements in the central part of Sendai city,Japan. The detailed field measurements were carried out in the summer of 2006, at two streets withdifferent densities of roadside trees and traffic volume. The microclimate and NOX concentrations as wellas traffic volume were measured.

Assumptions of productivity costs related to the outdoor supply airflow rate and indoor temperature canbe made based on a number of recent studies. A life cycle cost (LCC) computer program for indoorclimate systems based on Swedish conditions was developed and used to compare and optimizedifferent indoor climate systems. A productivity cost related to the outdoor supply airflow rate and theindoor temperature according to the recent studies was assumed.

Korean residential buildings have been airtight due to the energy economization plan since 1970’s energy crisis. As a result of this, the residential buildings have faced lack of ventilation and resulted in poor indoor air quality of buildings. In additio

The present paper deals with modeling of various low-exergy system components and their integrationinto the energy system for buildings and small communities. The exergy content of a certain amount ofenergy is defined as the part of this energy that can be used to produce mechanical energy. The qualityof a certain amount of energy is defined as the relative exergy content of this energy. Most of ourbuildings with their heating and cooling systems today are built for conversion of high quality energysources to low quality use with a huge destruction of the available exergy as a result.

Even in relatively warm areas in Japan, frost damage of roof tiles occurs. In the field of material scienceand technology, the mechanism of frost damage has been investigated. In this study, frost damage toroof tiles is considered from a thermal point of view. A temperature drop due to nocturnal radiation isestimated as one of the most important factors. The influences on the temperature profiles areexamined by numerical analysis. Next, an accelerated aging test for roof tiles and a numerical analysisof the test are carried out.