Traditionally, the lighting engineering community has emphasized illuminance, the amount of light reaching a surface, as the primary design goal. The Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) provides tables of illuminances for different types of tasks which lighting engineers consult in designing lighting systems [Kaufman8l]. Illuminance has proven to be a popular metric because it corresponds closely to the amount of energy needed to light a building as well as the initial cost of the lighting system.

The Indoor Air Quality Simulator for personal computers (IAQPC) has been developed in response to the growing need for quick, accurate predictions of indoor air contamination levels. Many building energy use programs are currently in use, but heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system designers need a way to determine if a planned system will ensure the health of building occupants. Scientists will find this program useful as an experimental design aid, and building personnel will be able to use it to determine approaches that will alleviate contamination problems.

Lighting energy conservation measures are typically recommended in commercial bui1ding energy audits. Over 60% of the cost in Bonneville Power's commercial building energy conservation programs are related to lighting. To estimate lighting energy savings it is not uncommon to ignore detailed energy simulations which account for interactions of lighting with heating and cooling systems and simply multiply hours of use by wattage reduction. This paper investigates the potential error in performing simplified 1ighting calculations which ignore interactions.

Several single zone, monthly based, correlation methods have been developed at a national level , ver the past few years. Although the application limits of those methods are mostly unclear or unknown, the tendency grows to promote at the international level, such correlation methods as basis for simplified thermal calculations in the design process. The validity of a single zone, monthly based, correlation approach is analysed for residential building types in different european climate zones.

This paper describes the techniques for validating dynamic thermal models devised by collaborating institutions in the United Kingdom. Following a review of past work on Imodel validation, the United States Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) methodology was used as a starting point. Approximations and errors can arise at all stages of development, revision and use of a program. Emphasis was placed on thorough theoretical reviews of basic physical processes treated by programs and on the actual techniques adopted n some widely used programs.

The paper presented is based on work done within the IEA ANNEX 10 'system simulation' group.There, eight research instituts discussed and agreed on simulation models for heating and air conditioning components. The models are documented in so called 'component specifications'. These specifications contain a description how to simulate the steady state and also in a first estimation the dynarnic, hydraulic and aeraulic behaviour.

The objectives of this discussion paper are: to define the new Annex on "Calculation of Energy and Environmental Performance of Buildings"; to determine feasibility of the Annex i.e. whether the full Annex should go head or could the objectives of the Task be accomplished through other means such as conference, workshops, international associations; and to describe various sub-tasks of the Annex (assuming it is needed).

This paper describes the development of a new concept for analyzing the performance of fenestration systems. We show the derivation of five indicators that can be combined in a variety of ways so that both qualitative and quantitative judgements can be made regarding total fenestration performance. The five indices consist of three related to energy: fuel (heating), electric (cooling), and peak electric demand; and two to comfort: thermal and visual.

This paper describes the concept of developing a component program library for building energy simulation and the current state of its development, which has been made by a working group of theSociety of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Sanitary Engineers, Japan (SHASEJ) since 1985. The purposeof developing this component program library is to assist researchers and engineers in designing theirown programs for their own objectives.

The availability of daylight, including diffused sky light and direct sunlight, in urban open spaces is an important environmental factor in designing and regulating buildings in high density urban areas. The establishment of a scientific and quantitative basis to evaluate the daylighting impact of a building has been one of the major concerns among daylighting and city planning communities. This study on daylight initially investigates methods to predict the daylight levels in urban environments. The methods to deal with complex urban geometries and their optical properties were explored.