The main aim of this study is to derive some simple rules for an optimal management of direct electric heating in residential buildings. Optimal management should minimise the running cost of heating while maintaining comfort, in the case of control strategies involving intermittent heating. This study has been carried out with the help of numerical simulation in a graphical environment [1] in order to study the behaviour of a whole system, referred to as a simulator, which consists of the building zone, the heating system and the controller. We chose an optimisation function of a mathemati

This paper presents a method for dynamic numerical analysis of the thermal environment in an atrium. In this study, the quantity of condensation on and the quantity of evaporation from the surface of water in a small pool (water surface area, 1m2) were experimentally measured, and changes in the vertical distributions of humidity and temperature in an atrium were numerically calculated by using the Successive Integration Method. The analysis was carried out using BASIC language software.

The legislation and energy awareness have lead to increased thermal insulation levels in buildings. Consequently, heat flow, between the indoor and outdoor environments, due to thermal bridging is forming an increasing fraction of building thermal load. Accurate thermal bridging assessment is becoming more important not only to predict the heat flow, but also to predict the level of condensation and mould growth in the heating season.

The use of air flow modeling tools for building design is still limited due to lack of explicit standards governing infiltration and ventilation rates in buildings. There is also inconsistency and discrepancy in the use of such modeling tools throughout the entire design process. Lack of integration of the tools with architectural design environments as well as with other performance simulation tools further hamper their use.

It is necessary to use the dynamic simulation program to evaluate the dynamic characteristic of the HVAC system. Some dynamic system simulation programs have been developed, but researches concerning the reproducibility of the dynamic HVAC system characteristic are not so much until now. In this research, HVACSIM+ developed by NIST, USA, and TRNSYS developed by Wisconsin University solar energy laboratory, USA, is discussed for this purpose.

Sound predictions based on the wave theory were carried out on HVAC duct networks. This requires the driving wave pressure amplitude and the characteristic reflection factor for every port of every component, and the complex coherence of the driving wave pressure and the characteristic transmission factor between every two of the ports of every component. Determination techniques of these acoustic properties in the presence of airflow, and an acoustical assembly procedure of the component acoustic properties in a large-scale duct network are newly developed.

A two-dimensional numerical simulation of airflow around bluff bodies is presented in this study. The two turbulence models, i.e., standard k-e model and RNG k-e model, are employed to predict the flowfield and wind effects on bluff bodies. The results of the study highlight and compare the discrepancies between these two turbulence models in capturing the flow structure around bluff bodies, particularly in the vicinity of surfaces.

Calibration with actual data has been considered as one of the most important and difficult part for the systematic energy audit procedure. The purpose of this paper is to develop a systematic method, "base load analysis approach" to calibrate the building energy performance model with actual monthly data. The calibration procedure has been visualized as a logical flow chart and demonstrated with 26-stories actual commercial building located in Seoul.

This paper presents the preliminary modelling perspectives of an ongoing project where a exible simulation tool for component and system analysis of district heating consumer installations is developed. The simulation tool makes it possible to simulate district heating consumer installations containing water based central heating systems,domestic hot tap water systems, buildings as well as load predictions of the systems.

This paper presents a decision support system (DSS), named Building Energy Code Advisor, that aims to: (i) check if the early design of the exterior envelope complies with Model National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings (MNECCB) [1] requirements, (ii) provide technical advice on how to improve the design according to the code, and (iii) be a learning