Velocity fields on the platform area and flow rate of the smoke extraction system were experimentally measured under the different fan-operation modes in an actual subway station in Beijing. The velocity at the four tunnels connected with the station and velocity at the stairs between platform and concourses were obtained. Through simulation based on the measured results, the smoke velocity, temperature and concentration in case of station fire under the different fan-operation modes were analysed, and the optimal smoke extraction mode was proposed.

Various simulation programs and visual tools of HVAC system ever released, which were not  originally developed to be used as commissioning tools, are considered to be potentially powerful tools for commissioning, as use of these programs facilitates the confirmation/comparison of function and performance of HVAC systems and detailed analysis of parameters influencing HVAC system performance. In the present paper, application and convenience of several programs such as Micro HASP, Micro ACSS, FACES, LCEM, TRNSYS, DOE-2, EnergyPlus and DeST and their visual tools as tools to support commissi

VAV system is a very complicated one in airconditionging systems, thus automatic control become the key of such a system. As necessary components in automatic control system, sensor has failure risk. It is so expensive that detect sensor fault by hardware redundancy in comfortable air-conditioning system. This paper presents an approach, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), to detect and identify sensor fault in VAV system.

It is obvious that a building permanently exchanges with its nearby environment (mainly light, heat, sound, visual accessibility); these interactions are numerous and complex enough to require serious means of investigation, more especially as the requests of the new regulations and those of the users become increasingly demanding.

This paper demonstrates a simple and practical simulation-based approach for fast identification of appropriate building design strategies at the early stage of a design project. A simplified passive solar house was modeled using an integrated building energy and CFD simulation to examine the feasibility of different sustainable thermal strategies for use in the 2007 Solar Decathlon Competition. The home was modeled in EnergyPlus, and then the surface temperatures at times of interest were used as boundary conditions for CFD modeling in PHOENICS.

This paper presents the features of Eco-Bat, a computer program developed to assess the environmental impacts of buildings, including construction materials and energy consumed, during its life cycle. The methodology used to evaluate environmental impacts based on a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, compatible with ISO 14040 standards, is detailed. The data are mainly extracted from Ecoinvent (Anon A). Two applications are presented to illustrate the possibilities offered by Eco-Bat.

Residential buildings are characterized by being envelope-load dominated buildings, hence are greatly influenced by the outside climatic conditions. Due to the harsh climate of Saudi Arabia, residential buildings on average, consume  more than half of the total consumed energy. The bulk of this energy is consumed by the airconditioning system which is required to remove substantial amount of gained heat due to poor thermal envelope performance. Implementing proper envelope thermal characteristics for residential buildings can significantly reduce energy consumption.

Fires in buildings account for 60% of fires in Taiwan. Since establishment of the National Fire Agency in  1995, many fire codes have been promulgated resulting in a gradual decline in the number of casualties of fire. However, for old apartments in urban areas, although regulations aimed at improving fire-prevention refuge facilities and fire-fighting equipment of existing building have been announced, they cannot be implemented efficiently due to the lack of public acceptance. This investigation has found that hundreds of thousands people live in such buildings.

This paper presents a set of solutions to enable  differential time scales for dynamic boundary conditions within whole-building energy simulation, specifically occupant behavioral adaptations in response to short-term changes in solar and daylighting conditions. The concept is to allow specialized libraries to determine in tandem the state of critical variables, such as window blinds and lighting systems, at higher frequencies than the building domain time step (e.g.

The following paper is focused on hygrothermal behaviour of roofs with ventilated air layers subjected to air leakages in their internal decks (the internal partial construction located below the ventilated air layer). Possibilities of CFD modelling of such constructions are discussed in the first part of the paper including the problem of introduction of water vapour diffusion into calculation. A brief comparison of results from CFD analysis and from calculation based on a technical standard is also included.