Design principles

Outlines forces causing air leakage through openings in a building. Discusses likely leakage paths and states importance of identifying these and improving the air tightness of walls, windows, floors and roofs.

The american energy consumer

Reports a study of patterns of domestic energy consumption in the U.S.A. Surveys home energy use and energy use for travel. Recommends ways of saving energy. Discusses sources and distribution of air pollution.

Measured energy consumption of a group of low-energy houses.

Reports survey of the energy consumption of 50 low-energy passive solar houses in the Saskatoon area. Gives graphs of energy consumption versus degree days for standard and low-energy houses and space heating consumption per unit floor area. Gives table of measurements.

A spire array for generating thick turbulent shear layers for natural wind simulation in wind tunnels

Investigates use of an array of spires, located at the entrance to the working section of a conventional wind tunnel, as a means of generating thick shear layers with properties similar to those of the neutrally-stable atmospheric wind. Compares data obtained in the shear layers created by sucharrays of spires with some available atmospheric data. Modifications to thespire design and a range of spire sizes have been tested and the resulting shear layer properties compared.

Wall thermography

Describes use of thermography by Fishburn Thermography group ltd. Outlines use of camera and isotherm function. Suggests use of thermography for the detection in walls of heat losses, thermal bridging, wet or inadequate insulation, air infiltration and other defects.

Experimental characterisation of ventilation systems in buildings.

Reports experiments using sulphur hexafluoride as a tracer gas to obtain quantitative data on actual residence time distributions in rooms and hallways and contamination caused by reentry of laboratory fume hood exhausts into a building. Defines a factor k which gives a measure of the mixing of fresh withstale air in part of a room. Measured values of k varied from 0.3 to 0.7 insmall rooms without fans. Discusses two experiments to find the amount of exhaust fumes reentering the ventilation system of a building.

Natural ventilation of single family houses. Ventilation naturelle des maisons individuelles

Reports the results of three programmes of measurements of ventilation carried out in one-family houses, which in most cases were of the 'council house' type. The first programme measured ventilation rates using tracer gasin two houses room by room. Wind speed and direction were recorded but no general relation between ventilation and wind was found. The second measured ventilation rate in individual rooms in a house under six different wind conditions. The third measured ventilation rates in three identical homes.

Leakage of cold-room walls. Ondichtheden in de wanden van koude ruimten.

Recommends method for determination of extra heat and moisture load of a cold room resulting from leakages through chinks, cracks and porosity. Recommends clause on maximum leakage in delivery conditions. Treats internal and outdoor influences on air exchange, leakage detection and leakage measuring methods.

Energy consumption of residential buildings

Users' manual and documentation connected with computer program ENCORE. Program is based on weighting factor method. Provides general description of input data, building location and shape, heating system and building use.Describes in more detail standard output, error messages and warnings. Provides examples concerning warm-air heated house and house with electric space heating system. supplied detailed documentation of subroutines.

Ventilation rates

Treats investigations in office building where 1) flow rates of supply air, return air and ventilation between main office area and adjacent rooms were measured with an anemometer. Return air rates remained constant but ventilation rates varied widely during measurement periods. 2) CO2 was used as tracer gas to determine ventilation rates in offices. Calculates alterations in gas concentrations in rooms adjacent to stairwell and changes in outdoor air concentrations. During air conditioning, ventilation rates in the room were 4-5 room air changer per hour.

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