This paper discusses two complementary techniques for modeling human exposures to airborne contaminants with a focus on control decisions involving ventilation. Particular attention is given to: (I) the use of empirical-conceptual models with dimensional analysis and (2) computational fluid dynamic simulations. Both techniques provide valuable information. An empirical -conceptual model is formulated with dimensional analysis for a spray painting operation.

Describes the development of the Swedish duct tightness guidelines, the "AMA system". The latest version, due in 1998, aims to increase tightness requirements once again by introducing a tightness class D as the standard requirement for larger spiroduct systems. The concern about an increasing part of the Swedish population becoming allergic and asthmatic led to the Swedish Parliament introducing compulsory inspections of ventilation systems in 1990.

This paper describes the design and development of the natural ventilation system of the new Contact Theatre Complex Manchester, UK, designed by A Goldrick of Short Ford Associates. The ventilation design is based on a stack dominant system using an "H-Pot" chimney configuration. The paper describes the development of the ventilation design of both the studio theatre and main auditorium ventilation systems.

Temperature and cooling demand in a room summertime are influenced by numerous factors,like internal gains, ventilation, solar gain, behaviour of occupants, thermal inertia of the roomand outdoor conditions (climate).The thermal environment and cooling demand summertime are often analysed using detailedcomputer programs, which take into account the factors mentioned above (among others).Often the overview, transparency and some of the physical insight is lost using these advancedcomputer programs.In a predesign phase of a project it is preferable to do simple calculations of the thermalbeha

The traditional way to dehumidify the outdoor air in a heating, ventilating and airconditioning (ENAC) system is by cooling the air temperature down below the dew point.For this process a refrigeration system is necessary to realise these low temperatures.Nowadays the disadvantages of refrigeration systems are widely known. An alternativemethod to dehumidify the air is by separating the process of dehumidification and cooling.There are different ways to get low supply air temperatures for cooling the indoor spaces.

In the UK's temperate maritime climate, the need to air-condition a non-domestic building outside city centres should be the exception rather than the rule. Nevertheless, the potential clients for new or refurbished buildings, whether tenants or owner occupiers, are concerned about whether a non-air-conditioned building can deliver comfortable and productive working conditions, particularly in summertime.

Natural ventilation based on Passive-stacks are currently designed without incorporating heat recovery leading to wasteful heat loss. Heat recovery is not used because the pressure loss caused by conventional heat exchangers is large and could cause the ventilation system to fail. This paper presents laboratory investigation and computer simulation of a low pressure-loss heat recovery device for passive stack systems. It was found that the heat recovery effectiveness decreases with increasing stack velocity and heat recovery effectiveness of over 50% has been obtained in the experiments.