A simplified tool, called ConsoClim, has been developed for estimating energy consumption of air conditioned buildings and for comparing HVAC and building solutions. Its main aim is to be used at the early stage of the design process. It means that algorithms have been developed to be used with minimum and quite simple inputs that are available in manufacturers' catalogues or can be fixed at typical default values. The aim is to check that building design options and HVAC system choices lead together to an efficient global energy performance.
In the Mediterranean countries, where the active solutions of air-conditioning must be avoided, natural ventilation allows improvement of indoor comfort which is generally critical in hot season, and reduction of building cooling loads.A three-dimensional zonal model for calculating temperature fields and airflow distributions insideunconditioned buildings was developed.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the technical and financial impact of the ENV 12097 requirements and to compare them with the “state of the art” in France. The comparison has been carried out on the basis of a case study consisting in a three-floor o
The European Community SAVE Directive 76/93, makes mandatory, among other things, for member states to implement an action called Energy Labelling of buildings. This labelling should consist of a description of the energy characteristics and some information about energy efficiency; and is aimed at reducing CO2 emission by means of a parallel reduction in energy consumption. The European Union allows each country to adopt the most suitable methodology according to weather and building industry characteristics and socio-economic context.
In June 2001 ASHRAE's Standard Project Committee on "Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Residential Buildings", SPC 62.2P, recommended and the Board of Directors approved ASHRAE's second complete standard on residential ventilation for public review; this was followed by public reviews of independent substantive changes in 2002 . The standard is an attempt by the Society to address concerns over indoor air quality in dwellings and to set minimum requirements that would allow for indoor air quality and energy efficiency measures to be evaluated.
The aim of this document is to outline and summarize the principles to be followed when the aim isto produce and to install a clean air handling system. A large Finnish research and developmentproject CLEAN VENTILATION has focused on to find the main reasons and phases where theodours and other harmful pollution from the ventilation system originate. In the project bettertechnical solutions have been developed to produce cleaner components with less harmfulemissions.
The quantitative determination of differential pressure and airflow for proper room pressurization is an HVAC design area that has not yet developed a standard rule.In this article current design guidelines and field practices for room pressurization are investigated. Practical field tests were performed in two types of facilities: a tuberculosis research lab and a cell transplant unit.
The excitation of pulsed plasmas for the air treatment (odors, toxic and volatile gases suppression, and sterilization) needs fast high electric pulse generators with powers that can require high repetition frequencies according to the applications .This paper shows that those solid state generators are today available. They use several technologies thanks to a global approach of the high power electronics physics and recent evolutions of active and passive components.
The heterogeneous photocatalysis relies on the activation of a half-conductor. The most often used is TiO2, with radiations of energy at least equal to the ones of the width of the forbidden band.The electronic changes due to that activation lead, in the presence of air, to the creation of oxygenated radicals. Those radicals attack the adsorbed organic compounds and degrade them. Starting from evaluations made with a laboratory photoreactor, this paper shows that photocatalysis is an appropriate method to purify air in domestic buildings (or other confined spaces).
A simplified model for room cross-ventilation airflow has been developed using scaling analysis,experimental correlations and computational fluid dynamics. The model considers the main jet region and the recirculations region and leads to a set of formulas that predict the airflow rates and characteristic velocities in these two regions. Examples of application of the model to cross-ventilation design are presented.
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