English

The relationship between indoor and outdoor concentration levels of particles in the absenceand in the presence of indoor sources has been attracting an increasing level of attention.Understanding of the relationship and the mechanisms driving it, as well as the ability toquantify it, are of importance for assessment of source contribution, assessment of humanexposure and for control and management of particles.

In a small case study involving an office room and a laboratory in a building equipped with aHVAC system VOC and particle samples were collected. Both rooms used for theexperiments were newly renovated and low, but measurable amounts of typical indoor VOCand SVOC were present in the air several weeks after finishing of the renovation work. TheVOC concentrations decreased slowly during the test period of 3 weeks.Particulate matter in the room air was characterized regarding the size distribution bySMPS.

The concentrations of ultra fine particles (UFPs) were measured in the medium-size city ofGothenburg, Sweden, in the large city of Copenhagen and at a rural site in Denmark. InGothenburg, field measurements were conducted both in several residential and officebuildings, while in Denmark measurements comprise two office buildings, one of themlocated at a rural site. Concentrations of UFPs were measured simultaneously indoors andoutdoors.

A study on pollutant dispersion and distribution inside public taxi transfer interchanges (TTIs)is reported. The pollutant levels inside TTIs are affected by many factors, for example, taxidata, climatic conditions, human activities and geometrical layout of TTIs. A sitemeasurement of respirable suspended particulate (RSP) level is carried out in a typical TTI inHong Kong. After analysing the effect of the above factors on RSP level, we propose to useartificial neural networks (ANNs) to study such phenomena.

In this study, we attempt to investigate the level of indoor air pollution and to evaluate itshealth effects on the subjects exposed to pollution in Beijing. About 270 households (90 perdistrict) were selected randomly from three districts (90 per district), representing theindustrial, old downtown and cultural/educational areas of Beijing. The concentrations ofPM10, PM2.5 and SO2 in indoor air were measured in the bedroom and the kitchen of thesubjects homes.

There is increasing evidence of a causal link between airborne particles and ill health and thisstudy monitored the exposure to both airborne particles and the gas phase contaminants ofenvironmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in a nightclub.The present study followed a number of pilot studies in which the human exposure toairborne particles in a nightclub was assessed and the spatio-temporal distribution of gas phasepollutants was evaluated in restaurants and pubs.

The main aim of a heating system is to provide the objective thermal comfort parameters. The subjective thermal sensation of users is a very important aspect.The paper presents the results of experimental measurements on thermal comfort of indoorenvironment. The investigation was carried out in two blocks of flats. They were alike, but forthe installed thermal valves.

A partition integrated air supply system can provide highly personalized environmentalcontrol. The supply air is brought up through raised floors and supplied to outlets located onthe partition panels. The purpose of this paper is to find the best design of outlets for optimaloccupant comfort within a personal task area.Real-scale experiments were conducted to allow for comparisons of outlet designs within apersonal task area.

This paper presents a transient periodic heat transfer analysis of non-air-conditioned multizonebuildings taking into account the effects of heat fluxes through various facades ofbuildings including windows, air ventilation and infiltration, furnishings and ground heatconduction. A user-friendly computer software has been developed for the above mentionedpurpose. The validity of the analysis and the building simulation software has been checkedby comparing the results with those obtained by running commercial software SUNCODE forthe same input data.

The air-conditioned office building design in the tropical hot-and-humid climates has seldomtaken into account adaptation principle to thermal comfort. This induces the occupants to findcomfort at the pre-determined comfort criterion in air-conditioned enclosure and they soondevelop a higher expectation of homogeneity that in turn leads to demand of coolertemperatures. Though the research knowledge is large, practical implementation has aptlyignored the variability of individuals comfort criteria.