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In this paper micro-environment around human body with a personalized ventilation system ina displacement ventilated room was simulated by the standard k-e model. The geometry of thecomputational thermal manikin (CTM) is a real representation of a human body. Detailed analyses of air flow at the facial region and inhaled air quality improvement with personalized ventilation system were carried out with the aid of this complicated CTM.

A detailed study using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was conducted on the influenceof the difference in the effective diameters of air supply outlets (wind velocity, assuming the airflow rate to be constant) when using personal air conditioning with isothermal air currents. A method to analyze the new age of air (SVE3*) and the residual lifetime of air (SVE6*) was proposed and studied focusing on the individual supply openings and exhasut openings in a room with multiple supply openings and exhasut openings when using personal air conditioning.

Thirty human subjects participated in experiments with five different air terminal devices forpersonalized ventilation operating at two levels of room air temperature within the range prescribed instandards for thermal comfort, namely 23C and 26C. The subjects actively used the possibility to change the airflow rate and to adjust the positioning of the air terminal devices in regard to the airflow direction. The individual control provided allowed subjects to maintain thermal neutrality with the systems studied, except one, named Headset at the higher room temperature of 26C.

Task conditioning system is expected to reduce energy consumption in buildings and also toimprove thermal comfort of occupants. In this paper, an isothermal task unit was developed and its impact on subjective feeling was invesigated. Laboratory and field surveys were carried out. The airflow characteristic of the unit and usage of the unit in an actual office are described. Preferred airflow and seating condition of the workers using the unit were observed. Most of the workers preferred the airflow from the unit. Task unit was most effective immediately after a worker took their seat.

A personalized ventilation system combined with a seat is introduced in this paper. This kind ofventilation seat is able to provide occupants with improved air quality, individual control and energysavings. A thermal manikin with an artificial lung was used to investigate several fundamental issues on this novel ventilation system. We tested the performances of the eight different air supply nozzles within the flow rate range from 0.1 l/s to 3.0 l/s. The highest pollutant reduction of inhaled air about 80% is achieved by one nozzle named SCN at the flow rate of 3.0 l/s.

In this paper, characteristics of the indoor environment utilizing hybrid ventilation system andtask-ambient air-conditioning system are investigated every hour in a year in various types of office spaces by means of dynamic cooling and heating load analysis and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation.Authors had investigated the characteristics of the indoor environment of a hybrid ventilation system, utilizing natural and mechanical ventilation, with CFD simulation under various conditions of incoming outdoor air [1].

Subjective experiments with a non-isothermal task conditioning system were conducted toinvestigate impacts of the system on thermal comfort and productivity in a climate chamber of Kanto-Gakuin University, Japan. All subjects participated in "default condition test: 26C / 50% RH" at first.Then a half of the same subjects participated in "standard condition test: 26C / 50% RH", and theremainder subjects participated in "task-ambient test: 30C / 50% RH + TAC", just one week later again separately. Thermal, humidity, comfort sensations, and other psychological factors were investigated.

The present study is directed toward an accurate analysis on the transport of sensible heat overa realistically shaped human body model by way of a coupled convection-radiation simulation technique. A low-Reynolds-number type k- e turbulence model is employed to obtain the convective heat flux distribution with greater accuracy. Configuration factors over the complex geometry are accurately calculated using a Monte-Carlo method incorporating symmetrization procedures.

The assessment of the overall thermal insulation of the air shear layer surrounding a nude humanoid shape, as affected by different step rates, is the main objective of the present study. Step rateswere controlled at 0, 20, 30 and 45 steps/min. The measurements were carried out in a climate chamber with an articulated thermal manikin of the Pernille type with 16 body segments. In addition, the convective heat transfer coefficients for the 16 segments and for the whole body were determined for each step rate.

To evaluate effect of indoor environment quality on productivity, the changes in cerebral bloodoxygenation by near infrared spectroscopy was examined. In this study, relationship between the changes in cerebral blood oxygenation and difficulty level of task was evaluated by subjective experiments. Four tasks were given to the subjects: single-digit addition, double-digit multiplication, triple-digit addition, and triple-digit multiplication. It was evaluated that the more difficult task types to solve, the more oxygenated hemoglobin and total hemoglobin concentration were needed.