This paper discusses how to calculate the LCC (life cycle cost) for different indoor climate systems in typical Swedish buildings in the aim to help the client in choosing the most appropriate indoor climate system in a certain situation. Office buildings and residential buildings are considered, industrial buildings are not considered.
It would be interesting to extend the analysis to include the LCC for the entire building and not just the indoor climate system.
For the investigation of the personalized ventilation efficiency and the study of human exposure in a displacement and mixing ventilated room, a seated computational thermal manikin with the geometry of a real human body has been used. A RNG k-e model with low Reynolds number has been used for the simulation.
The thermal plume around the human body plays a key role for the determination of the inhaled air quality.
According to the authors, the application of personalized ventilation is able to improve the inhaled air quality greatly.
The ventilation potential of buildings is widely affected by the building location, wind direction, space between buildings : so when high-rise buildings are too close, the influence of adjacent buildings on the availability of cross-ventilation has to be taken into account.
This paper reports the results of CFD simulation studies on that effect.
Filter performance of two new systems of simple respirators are investigated in this paper : a new method is used to quantify the real value of face seal leakage. The results show that respirators can't perform well because of the important leakage of airflow when they are mounted on the headform.
The study shows that physical characteristics of respirators such as the resistance and face fitting geometry are main factors to decide the leakage.
To face infection in hospitals, the control of the concentration of bacteria in patient rooms is necessary. For that study, computation and experiment were carried out in a real hospital isolation room. CFD software was used to simulate steady and transient air motion. A fog generated by an ultrasonic nebulizer was used to put experimental bacteria into the patient room.. The effect of bacteria removal by means of colony counts was examined. Both computational and experimental results proved that the original design of the isolation room could not remove bacteria effectively.
The aim of negative pressure control in an isolation room is to control the airflow so as to control the movement of airborne infectious particles. The differential pressure between isolation room and adjacent ambient areas should control the direction of airflow from clean to less clean areas. But operations such as the opening or closing of the door between the two areas would destroy the differential pressure.
A field study was carried out in a cold area market building. The IAQ and various kinds of factors that influence IAQ and human body 's thermal comfort were analyzed. In parallel the personnel was investigated through questionnaire. Results show that the main reason that caued poor IAQ was shortage of fresh air and insufficient ventilation.
Top Hung windows are typical and popular in North China. Measures in classrooms of Tianjin University equipped with such windows have been made. Then under different conditions, the comparison has been made with sliding windows : it appeared then that the indoor air quality was better.
The quality of indoor air and health effects were investigated first in 1992 and then in 2003, in 3 Swedish dental clinics located in different part of the town of Uppsala. Material and methods were studied . Health effects were recorded. Results of that follow-up study are presented
Some research indicate that people spend nearly 90 % of their time indoors. The scientific evidence indicates that the air within homes and other buildings can be more polluted that the outdoor air, even in industrialized cities. So for many people, the risks for health due to exposure to air pollution are greater indoors than outdoors. A survey was conducted to study the air quality related factors and their impact in various types of offices, with the analysis of parameters such as CO2 content, air velocity, dust, odour and humidity.
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