English

This paper investigates the ability of intermediate models such as zonal models to predict environmental conditions in a room. The first part compares experimental data to zonal andconventional k-e computational fluid dynamics model predictions in a mixed-ventilation room. Then, in order to investigate the impact of building material moisture adsorption and desorption processes on indoor air humidity and predict humidity distribution in a room, a zonal model was integratedwith a building material moisture transfer model, based on the conservation of energy and dry air and water vapor mass.

This paper presents the discrepancies in applying the power-law model (PLM) for predicting indoor airflow distribution and the methodologies employed to improve this model.First, investigation was made to find an appropriate K value (flow coefficient) for use within the PLM (using the same K value for each cell). Values other than 0.83 were considered, and the result revealed that values other than K = 0.83 could not affect the prediction of the PLM and that K can be given any value, such as 1.0.

For the part 2 of that study, detailed measurements of natural ventilation rate were conducted in a high rise office building in Osaka while twenty natural ventilation openings were kept open. Then natural ventilation rate was calculated for sixteen outside wind directions using wind pressure coefficients obtained by wind tunnel tests. A CFD analysis using the measured data as the boundary condition, reproduced the detailed airflow pattern in the whole office room.

Energy Performance Policy for the Building sector has been recommended by the European Commission in so far it can help in introducing new techniques that will influence the indoor climate. In this paper, the results of an empirical study on database of energy performance calculations from 1996 up to 2001 are used to evaluate the influence of the energy performance policy on the indoor climate in the Netherlands, for example a remarkable shift in ventilation techniques occured.

That study investigated the possibility of using a regenerative desiccant rotor for air purification.A laboratory study was carried out in a climate chamber, a dehumidifier with a silica gel desiccant rotor was installed within it to treat the recirculation airflow.A Proton-Transfer-Reaction - Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) gas analyzer was used for the measurement of VOCs concentration upstream and downstream of the desiccant rotor.The experiment confirmed that indoor humidity has little influence on the effectiveness of VOC removal by a desiccant rotor and that this technique is efficie

Field research performed in 70 central Florida homes found that return grilles are almost always located in the central zone of the house and that individual rooms rarely have ducted returnair or return transfer pathways. When interior doors were closed, the closed rooms went to +0.0249 inches of water gauge (in. w.g.) (+6.2 pascals [Pa]) wrt outdoors (wrt = with respect to) and thecentral zone went to 0.0116 in. w.g. (2.9 Pa) wrt outdoors.Room pressures as high as +0.150 in. w.g. (+37.3 Pa) and central zone pressure as low as 0.059 in. w.g. (14.7 Pa) wrt outdoors were found.

Prior to 2005, there was not a recognized test method in the United States for determining the grease removal efficiency of mechanical filters used in kitchen ventilation systems. It wasnt uncommon for manufacturers to claim 90% grease removal efficiencies or higher based on test results that simulated conditions not representative of commercial kitchens. It has only been in the last few years that data on the true character of grease emissions from common kitchen applianceshave been available.

The Iowa Association of Municipal Utilities (IAMU) office and training headquarters is a pioneering building designed in 1997 that helped define and embody high-performance sustainable design on a speculative office building budget.This project was selected by the American Institute of Architects National Committee on the Environment as one of its Top Ten Green Projects in the United States in 2002.For this 12,500 ft2 (1,161 m2) office and training facility, effective interior daylighting became a main organizing element for the architectural concept.

The flow of air through the porous media that is used as building insulation has the potential to recover energy normally lost through the building envelope via conduction. In essence, the walls of a building can be used as a crude heat exchanger, the effectiveness of which depends on the flow

The use of an underfloor plenum to deliver conditioned air directly into the occupied zone of a building is one of the key features that distinguish underfloor air distribution systems from conventional ducted overhead systems. This paper describes the development, validation, and application of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for predicting the airflow and thermal performance of underfloor air supply plenums. To provide validation data for comparison with the