English

A two-stage method is described in this paper. Its aim is to perform parametric and analytic studies of natural ventilation for summer cooling. For a strategic design of natural ventilation, that method is adequate, it is simple and straightforward. The demonstration is made of the use of that simplified method for the generation of detailed and robust data based on automatic and behavioural control models.

In this study, the importance of moisture exchange for indoor climate and moisture conditions in permeable and hygroscopic structures by means of a all-year-round dynamic simulation along with measurements in a typical Finnish one-storey detached house with mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation
Their conclusion is tha permeable and hygroscopic strucutres can significantly reduce peak relative humidity (RH) values and daily changes in RH, but with a short term effect.

First the nanometer particle size distributions were measured in booths with two kinds of ventilation patterns in an occupational environment with welding operations underway. It appeared that the concentration of particles in the vicinity of the welder's face decreased with the modified ventilation system (with ventilation ducts located below the weld bench). The particles were also collected and analyzed to determine their morphology and composition.

For that study, a CFD technique has been developed in order to investigate indoor airflow patterns and PM10/PM2.5/PM1 removal ability in ventilated partitioned buildings . A model verification was conducted to compare the full size experiments : A good agreement with the measured mass concentrations is found.
Then numerical simulations of the effect of ventilation on PM removal were performed using three common ventilation patterns (piston displacement, mixing, and cross-flow displacement ventilation). The results and conclusions of the authors are presented.

This paper gives first a synopsis of applicable guidelines, codes and standards that provide a background on current methods of nosocomial infection control. Then the epidemiology and aerobiological pathways of airborne nosocomial infections are examined along with surface-disinfection technologies including ultraviolet germicidal irradiation . Those technologies should have a major impact in reducing infection rates. The combination of surface and air disinfection should produce optimum results.

The impact of temperature differences within a room on spatial contaminant distribution is studied in that paper. A photoionization detector was used to monitor the tracer gas concentrations at 144 sampling points. Experiments were performed at two flow rates and six thermal conditions. Results and conclusions are presented.

In that paper, a computer simulation of the air-circuits of a variable-air-volume (VAV) air-conditioning system is developed, then validated. The aim is to examine the relationship between the supply airflow, the extract airflow and the inlet airflow along with the control signals for the fans and the mixing box dampers in the air handling unit.

Field measurements and thermal comfort survey were carried out to evaluate the thermal comfort perceptions of a Hong Kong hawker center. CFD simulations were conducted in order to study the impact of three kinds of fans on thermal comfort on the one hand, and to determine the type of fan (wall fan, ceiling fan or extract fan) which could improve best the thermal conditions in that hawker center.

The authors carried out a study on ventilation systems working in the cul-de-sac of a coal mine. In a real mine gallery, measurements were made with a hot-wire anemometry and then used for the validation of a numerical model. Blowing, exhaust and mixed ventilation systems have been numerically examined, detailed information have been obtained about the flow field, the methane concentration and the mean age of air.

Here is presented a detailed evaluation of different modelling approaches for the prediction of CO2 levels in occupied spaces for small, single-zone commercial buildings that use packaged air-conditioning equipment. The results and conclusion are presented.