English

The Single Coil Twin Fan (SCTF) system is a newly developed air-conditioning and air distribution system that aims to deliver enhanced IAQ as well as save energy. The fundamental principle of this system is based on demand ventilation and demand cooling, which is achieved in the individual occupied zones through localized temperature and carbon dioxide sensors positioned in the respective return grilles. The conditioning of the two air streams is achieved by a single compartmented cooling coil, which provides ease of control of the chilled water flow through the coil.

The present communication forms part of the conclusions to emerge from the research project-Development of a methodology for the estimation of ventilation efficiency in residentialhouses- financed jointly by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and by ERDF, andcarried out from 2003 to early 2006.The aim is to present the results obtained for ventilation efficiency in systems of hybrid ventilation for houses, which is about to be implemented in Spanish legislation.

For the approximation of the internal loads of humidity, too high values are often chosen inSwiss low energy houses. Later on in reality, the occupation and the presence in the dwellingsare significantly lower. These leads to high specific air volume rates and consequently to lowhumidity levels. Humidification by vapour generators, humidity recovery and optimized air volume rates are currently applied. Engineers can now calculate the internal humidity loads without humidity storage in walls etc.

This paper describes steady-state energy and exergy analyses on an instantaneous and on adaily basis for dwelling ventilation systems and domestic hot water DHW production systems. The ventilation uses mechanical exhaust with environmental air supply without heat recovery or balanced ventilation with heat recovery. The exhaust ventilation air is used to preheat DHW, using a heat exchanger or a heat pump. Energy and exergy demands in winter days for De bilt, the Netherlands, are presented at the component level, in terms of heat and electricity, for the systems.

Ventilation system is being recommended as an effective tool to improve indoor air quality(IAQ) in apartment houses. Recently, in Korea, apartment house suppliers are required by lawto establish ventilation systems in apartment houses. In this study, improvement of IAQ byestablishing mechanical ventilation system in apartment houses was investigated through mock-up tests. Seven apartment houses were arranged for the test and concentrations of VOCs and Formaldehyde were examined under various conditions of ventilation rates and duct works.

Improving ventilation performance both for energy and IAQ creates a trend of installing moreheat recovery supply and exhaust systems in new buildings and controlling better the airflows.Many studies have shown the impact of improved ventilation system on achieved performance but information about the market status and the difficulties in installing for instance supply ducts in collective dwellings are still lacking.

Food odor dispersion from residential unit to core is one of problems in high-rise residentialbuilding. In this study, it was analyzed in terms of stack effect, and the method how optimal air inflow of core was estimated and how the location of air in/outlet were decided were suggested to solve it. A combined CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) and CONTAMW analysis was used for stack effect of building, dispersion of food odor, optimal air inflow of core, and the location of air in/outlet in the method.

Air pressure conditions in typical Finnish residences are analyzed using data from fieldmeasurements and computer simulations. Field measurements were conducted in a two-storeydetached house and in a five-storey apartment building. The effects of airtightness, ventilationrate, air leakage distributions, and outdoor environmental conditions on air pressure conditions in a detached house were simulated on a multi-zone simulation model using the IDA ICE simulation program.

The objective of the paper is to evaluate the long term performance of the HVAC system in alaboratory building equipped with an advanced fume cupboard technology and a buildingautomation system. The exhaust airflow of the fume cupboard was controlled in terms of sashposition and a control unit. In addition, selected fume cupboards were equipped with presencesensors. The air supply and exhaust flow rates of the laboratory rooms were monitored during two years in normal operation conditions.

Personalized ventilation aims for supplying clean air to the breathing zone of each occupant.The impact of the direction of the personalized flow on the inhaled air quality was studied.Experiments were performed in a full scale room. Personalized ventilation in conjunction with mixing ventilation was used. Breathing thermal manikin resembled person seated at a desk. Tracer gas, mixed with room air was used to simulate pollution.