English

The decision makers in urban planning facevery often a dilemma whether to demolish orretrofit old buildings. Such a dileninia had to besolved during the reconstruction of the campusof the Faculty of Information Technologies atthe Brno University of Technology. One of thebuildings on the campus (a building that used tobe a brewery) was in a really bad shape and thequestion was whether to demolish it and build anew building instead or to put effort andresources into its retrofit.

In this study, we evaluated the ventilationperformance of an automobile interior with theaim of minimizing the influence of harmfulmaterials emitted from new cars. We measuredthe ventilation performance of a selecteddomestically manufactured passenger car by theconcentration decay method using tracer gas.For a total of four cases of test conditions, wecompared the ventilation volume andconcentration of pollution materials. Undervarious settings for the internal circulation andexternal circulation of the air circulation unit,the automobile is started in the open air.

Building services create customised, user-oriented and controlled conditions for thevarious activities taking place on real estatesand related premises.This paper presents an outlool< of buildingservices trends in Finland. The outlook of thefuture development of building services ispresented in the form of technology roadmaps.Overall, the building services roadmap consistsof six separate roadmaps.

Domain decomposition technique is a methodfor CFD simulation, which can handle internalairflow of cross-ventilation of dwellingsseparately from extemal domain. Boundaryconditions for internal airflow simulation werepicked from calculated result of extemaldomain. Cross-ventilation flow rate waspredicted by applying Local dynamic similaritymodel for large openings. Simulated resultswere compared with experimental results andgood correspondence was observed with respectto cross-ventilation flow rate.

We are building a particle tracking systemfor the measurement of convective heat transfersand pollutants displacements in full scale rooms.To increase the depth of the zone of interest, thesystem is non stereoscopic and do not use laserlight. The flow is seeded with 3mm-largeneutrally buoyant helium filled soap bubbles.Illumination is provided by white continuouslight. The seeded flow (air) is recorded by 3high-speed digital video cameras located alongthree different planes.

Buildings take a great share on the total energyconsumption and C02 emissions in Portugal.Poorly thought buildings pollute the urbanspace, and contribute to the increasing buildingssector energy demand. When thinking inretrofitting old buildings, the common thoughtis that huge amounts of money must be spent onit. This paper, presents a case study on a poorlyenergy performing commercial building, wherea hybrid ventilation free-cooling technique isused to demonstrate its potentiality to efficientlydecrease building energy consumption, withoutrequiring huge investments.

The paper presents a new concept for a lowpressure drop supply system suited for theventilation of office spaces. Lower pressurelosses for the air distribution allow a downsizingof the fans cutting down the investment costsfor the equipment and the energy consumptionduring operation. Great potential savings inhigh-valued energy (exergy) are possible inlarge buildings where this concept could reducepressure drops by a factor up to ten. This supplysystem consists of decentralized air handlingunits installed near the facade.

The Mechanical supply only (MSO) ventilationsystem has many advantages, such as good airdistribution, easy pre-heating of cold fresh airsupply and prevention of chemical aerosolsintake through wall cavity. However, thissystem has not been used for dwellings becauseof the risk of the condensation in the wall.

In order to generate effective grid for CFDanalysis of wind environment around buildings in urban area, we newly develop non-uniformtype adaptive mesh refinement method(NUAMR). Different from the conventionaluniform type AMR (UAMR), NUAMR won'tsmooth mesh outside a windward stream tube ofa target region. By comparing overallperformance between UAMR and NUAMR, wereveal NUAMR method's advantage as listedbelow: 1) NUAMR method and UAMR methodhave almost same accuracy in wind velocityratio around a high-rise building.

As the technology in building materialsadvances, the room air pollution caused bychemical compounds, and also by preservativesand insecticides for termite control, has becomea serious problem. With Regard to the airconvection in the house to contribute to themovement of the contaminants, there is stackeffect, wind presssure, and mechnicalventilation as the driving forces for airmovement, that is also much affected by the airtightness and ventilation path of the house.