English

Except skin, the respiratory tract is the only human organ directly affected by (indoor)air. Therefore it is understandable, that all pollutants from the air can evoke anytrouble especially in susceptible people. Microbiological contamination of anyenvironment is common and also indoor air or environment is rich in differentmicrobes and it doesnt make too big difference if pathogenic or not as we mustassume, that in common indoor environment will occur many people withimmunodeficiency either due their age (ageing peoples immune system is mostlyweakened), their illnesses (e.g.

It is recognized that the occurrence of condensation in surfaces inside buildings is amajor cause of indoor pollution with relevant negative effects on human health.Scientific reviews on health effects from dampness and moisture in buildings made inrecent years [1, 2] present the common view that, despite intensive research efforts,the relationships between the probability of the occurrence of dampness and mouldsand the building construction and operation parameters have not been fully identifiedyet.

Dampness / moisture accumulation into building structures or structural components,or on the surfaces of building materials, may lead to physical, biological or chemicaldeterioration of building materials. Subsequent damage and microbial or chemicalcontamination of the building may decrease the indoor air quality of the building.Dampness/moisture damage also poses a serious risk to the performance of thebuilding structures (1).

Although there is a long history of regulating and controlling outdoor air quality, theindoor environment has generally been neglected, even though it is well understoodthat there are significant sources of pollution in the indoor environment and it isindoors where people spend the vast majority of their time.Pollutants encountered indoors are known to have the potential to cause adversehealth impacts (1), so it is reasonable to consider what policies might be helpful forpreventing or mitigating these effects.

Since materials in building structures, and especially those applied to surfaces in largequantities, are permanently exposed to the indoor air, it is crucial to develop anunderstanding to what extent they contribute to indoor air pollution. Numerouslaboratory investigations have been reported concerning releases of chemicalsubstances from interior building materials. However, several of these substances areseldom associated with complaints or building related illness.

In reaction to the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), existing and newlylanced standard developments by CEN (European Committee for Standardization) were harmonizedand synchronized, resulting in a set of about 50 standards addressing different aspects of the EPBDand the implementation of an overall building energy performance calculation method. A few of themaddress simulation issues:An overview of these is given, focusing on one standard covering system related aspects for buildingswith cooling, humidification or dehumidification.

Real time flow simulation is crucial in emergency management in buildings, such as fire or accidentalrelease of chemical/biological agents. Proper measures can be taken to minimize casualties withcorrect and timely prediction of the spread of the fire or contaminants. Although the traditional CFDsimulation in buildings is accurate, it is too time consuming. Multizone flow modeling is fast, but itsaccuracy is poor.

As the world trade field is expanding, international standard of air filter is urgently needed. At present,China is undergone its revising the national standards, therefore, the development of major air filterstandards between America and Europe is compared here. Diameter distribution of KCl aerosol used inASHRAE52.2 is similar with atmospheric dust, but research for test dust representing actual conditionis still needed. Concepts for electrostatic discharge between Europe and America are different, andclassification upon minimum life efficiency (MLE) is recommended.

Potentially-harmful chemicals could be released from many indoor materials, including consumerproducts and building materials, into indoor environments. Semi-volatile chemicals (SVOCs) due totheir lower vapor pressure, are often present, either primarily in indoor dust or in both indoor air andindoor dust. Several types of SVOCs have been measured in indoor air and indoor dust of Ottawaresidential homes.

How to model airflow discharged from diffuser is believed to be one of the key issues in ComputationalFluid Dynamics (CFD) applications to indoor air problem. Due to the complicated geometric feature andthe vortex-type airflow induced by swirl diffuser, simulating such a kind of diffuser is claimed to be achallenge. A simplified method of defining the boundary conditions at round swirl inlets is developedand introduced in this paper.