English

 TRNSYS is a modular transient system simulation program that has been commercially available since  1975. The primary use of TRNSYS is to model  thermal energy systems. Although TRNSYS was  originally developed for use with solar thermal  applications, an effort has been made to broaden the  scope of TRNSYS by increasing the number of general HVAC components and improving the  usability of the building model. Some of the more  recently available HVAC models include the ASHRAE  Primary and Secondary Toolkits and FIVACSIM+  components.

This paper describes research related to the New Zealand Building Code. It reports a survey ofinternational approaches to building energy performance regulation. It also examines the use ofsimulation and other design tools by New Zealand building consultants.

Data for convective heat transfer coefficients (CHTC's) published in the literature tend to be for anisolated heated vertical plate, with few data based on measurements at room surfaces Accurate values of CHTC's for internal room surfaces are needed for heat transfer calculations in buildings using thermal models and also for room air movement calculations using CFD models. Most existing computer models use CHTC's that have been calculated for isolated surfaces. This work presents accurate convective heat transfer coefficients for a heated wall in a room.

CONTAM94 is an easily used, public domain airflow and contaminant migration analysis program.combining algorithms for modeling airflow and contaminant dispersal in multizone buildings. Itemploys a simplified graphic description of the building for both data entry and the presentation of simulation results. It runs on commonly available 4861 X class PC compatible computers with VGA graphics and MS-DOS. It can handle buildings containing a large number of zones.

"Bioclimatic Architecture" offers adequate inner thermal comfort for human use, while, responding to the climatic outdoor conditions with reduced heating and cooling loads. This demand. asks for prediction. and preevaluation of thermal performance of architectural design. solutions. The new German building-regulation sets legal limits to precalculated, yearly heating-loads / m2, considering solar gains through transparent building elernents.

This paper presents; the evaluation, of the impact of a CO2-based DCV system, which was performed bycomputer simulation. A subroutine was developed, and then integrated, using the Functional Values feature, within a model of a large existing office building, which was developed using the MICRO-DOE2 software, version E. Since the CO2-based DCV system has to be integrated with a conventional control system, which maintains the desired mixing air temperature, the impact on the indoor air quality and the energy performance of the building depends on the type of conventional control.

Three energy analysis programs (BESA-Desian, PC-BLAST and MICRO-DOE2. 1 D) were used by threeresearchers to evaluate the energy and cost savings in a larae existing office building located in Montreal. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to test the programs' capabilities to predict the energy performance of an existing large commercial building, using information normally available to an energy consultant, that is without additional and expensive monitoring, and (2) to test the programs' capabilities to evaluate the impact of several energy efficientmeasures.

Even at the beginning of the concept and planning phase for low energy buildings co-operation between architect and different engineers is, mandatory. In particular, the climate engineer supports the architect by developing an energy concept for a building. Thus, even in the design phase this new discipline of engineering makes sure that the influences of the climate, of an active or passive use of solar radiation, of zoning and all aspects concerning the thermal behaviour of a building are taken into account.

A new approach for computer-aided thermal analysis of buildings is presented. It is based on an electronic book "Building Thermal Analysis" which operates in a mathematical programmingenvironment (Mathcad). It consists of a set of independent files covering various topics ofbuilding thermal analysis linked together with a hypertext system. Each file integrates "live"equations (the "program "), explanatory text and figures, as well as graphs linked dynamically toequations and data.

This paper presents some results of the development and application work of the Building Equipmentsection at EMPA related to integrated building and HVAC simulation environments. Routines for thermal comfort evaluations with DOE2 are developed and COMVEN, the simulation code of the COMIS multizone air flow program, has been adapted as a type for TRNSYS. The application potential. for this coupling is demonstrated for a retrofit study of a school building, naturally ventilated through a glazed double facade.