English

The purpose of this paper is to present a new method to energy analysis. The method consist three different phases: in the first phase the target values of energy consumption are determined. In the second phase the potential differences between target and measured consumption are inspected by auditing the building. The effect of different energy saving measures are analysed in third phase. All these phases are assisted with a simulation tool.

In this study, the thermal performance of the external envelope of existing residential buildings in Istanbul and energy efficient retrofitting of these buildings are being investigated and modelled by MICRO DOE-2.1E. Hour-by-hour weather data for Istanbul and the data to describe each type of the existing residential buildings as well as the data for energy conscious alternative retrofitting systems are prepared.

This paper describes a recent extension to the ESPr system concerned with the simulation of facade and roof-integrated photovoltaic modules. The algorithms are described for predicting electrical power output as a function of module characteristics, incident solar radiation and module temperature. The integration of the algorithm within ESP-r’s air and power flow network models, to facilitate hybrid photovoltaic system studies, is also described. The paper concludes with a description of the outcome from an integrated appraisal of a building incorporating a photovoltaic facade.

Central to the formulation of a mathematical model to describe moisture transport through porous building materials is the initial choice of the flow driving potentials. Over the years, a considerable number of different formulations have been proposed involving a variety of potentials. A consequence of this is that, at the present time, there is no commonly accepted model with an associated data base of material properties, which can be applied by the simulation community.

The methods for evaluating the thermal performance of each insulation detail alternative with the multidimensional heat transfer simulation are presented to determine the optimal insulation details of the thermal bridges adjacent to hot water pipes in apartment building slabs. The optimal insulation detail of the side wall-slab joint is presented based on the evaluation of inside surface condensation and life cycle costs.

A new generation building simulation tool combines the most important inter-acting physical processes (air infiltration and ventilation, heat transfer, and indoor air quality) in an reliable, effective, and flexible way. Here, reliability has been ensured by adopting solution routines based on the fundamental physical laws: mass balance, momentum, and heat balance equations. In addition, air flow and heat transfer calculation routines are tested by analytical and comparative test cases with other building simulation tools.

This paper investigates the implications of the selection of various sky luminance distribution models for the computational prediction of daylight distribution in architectural spaces. The illuminance distribution in an actual test-space is simulated based on six different sky models, and the results are compared with illuminance measurements taken in the test space. The variations of simulation results and their relationship with the measurements are presented and discussed.

Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) provide an environment of interoperability among IFC-compliant software applications in the architecture, engineering, construction, and facilities management (AEC/FM) industry. They allow building simulation software to automatically acquire building geometry and other building data from project models created with IFC compliant CAD software. They also facilitate direct exchange of input and output data with other simulation software. This paper discusses how simulation software can be made compliant with version 1.5 of the IFC.

The traditionally engineering-oriented approach to thermal building simulations tends to leave such analysis tools out of the reach of general design practitioners, especially during the early stages of building design when many of the most influential decisions regarding the thermal envelope are made.

A series of linked spreadsheets has been developed for the analysis and modeling of thermal and daylighting effects on the flow of energy in buildings. Spreadsheet software is widely available, easily operated and readily adaptable to particular circumstances. Standard engineering formulas are used for heating, cooling, solar radiation and daylighting calculations. "What-if" relationships are established by varying assumptions and measuring their effect on the result.