English

In this report, recently developed computer program named TB3D/FDM(Thermal Bridge Computa- tion by 2- or 3-Dimensional Finite Difference Method) is introduced. This program enables steady state heat transfer analysis of building exterior walls including thermal  bridges. TB3D/FDM  has a tool forming input data set for 3-D computations from DXF file, and employs TRAC3D (Thermal Radiation and Air-Convection in 3-Dimensional Air Cavity) computing thermal resistance of 3-D air cavities.

THERM  2.0  is  a  state-of-the-art  software  program, available without cost,  that uses the finite-element method to model steady-state, two-dimensional heat- transfer problems. It includes a powerful simulation engine combined with a simple, interactive interface and graphic results. Although it was developed primarily to model thermal properties of windows, it is appropriate for other building components such as walls, doors, roofs, and foundations, and is useful for modeling  thermal  bridges  in  many  other  contexts, such as the design of equipment.

The  traditional  methods  for  the  evaluation  of  the thermal performance of buildings are appropriate to winter conditions and are often used in standards that regulate energy consumption.

The  successful  application of  moisture  simulation models to building envelopes requires accurate values of material transport properties. Unfortunately, although the presently-available database is reasonably voluminous, much of the information given is of limited use.

Solar energy and wind energy are one of renewable energies, and they are inexhaustible energy source which are available anywhere. Photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation are inexhaustible energy system, and they are cleanly safe, because of their no discharge of CO2 (one of the major causes of global warming), NOx and SOx (the major atmosphere pollutants). In designing of the energy supply system of a building, these  are one  of the efficient power generating installations.

Recent developments in photovoltaic components, small-scale combined heat and power systems and ducted wind turbines have opened up the possibility for an embedded generation approach to building design.

Most of the Brazilian population is concentrated in the shore region in cities like Rio de Janeiro. In this town, there is a large number of mechanically conditioned buildings with no possibility of use of natural ventilation for passive air conditioning. Due to the diversified cooling load profile, the use of detailed software simulation is essential. This paper presents the cooling load and energy consumption simulation results for a commercial building using the softwares BLAST and NBSLD. The indoor conditions are changed to analyze the thermal comfort impact and energy reduction.

Construction    and    operation    of    buildings    is internationally a major cause of resource depletion and environmental pollution. Computational performance evaluation tools could support the decision making process in the area of environmentally responsive building design and play an important role in environmental impact assessment, especially when a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach  is used.

This  paper  examines  the  process  by  which  the kitchen exhaust from a dwelling unit diffuses throughout the other dwelling units in a seven-story housing facility. The diffusion process was examined by tracer gas measurements and compared to computer simulation. Results showed that kitchen gases exhausted from a central unit pollute all units on that entire floor and will vary in concentration depending on the wind direction.

This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the con- figuration of peri-counter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simu- lation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simu- lations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases.