English

Data from mechanical extract ventilation units of Renson Ventilation nv installed in Belgium is utilized to detect space occupancy through machine learning. Challenges with the detection of occupancy using data captured by these smart devices are (1) absence of labelled data for training a machine learning model, and (2) occupant’s CO2 generation rate and building layouts influence the measured CO2 concentrations, which prevents simple rule-based models to be used for data labelling.

In this paper, a new mathematical model was developed experimentally to quantify the air volume flow by natural ventilation through window tilt opening. The experiment was carried out with two test facades in a laboratory building in Aachen, Germany. The test facades are equipped with windows in two different dimensions, and they are located under real weather conditions. The modelling data were determined by means of more than 70 tracer gas measurements with CO2.

The balcony is defined as an in-between architectural element that has the ability to intermediate the indoor and the outdoor environmental conditions. Through history, distinct balcony solutions have been used to improve the indoor environment according to their suitability to different contexts and climate conditions. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the impacts of different balconies on indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of dwellings in the mild climatic conditions of Portugal.

As the industry shifts focus from indoor air quality (IAQ) to indoor environmental quality (IEQ), the need arises for its field consultants and inspectors to meet the demands of assessment, evaluation and control, particularly in established buildings with a longer history of operation.

Envelope air leakage testing of new residential buildings is becoming more common in the United States as state energy codes and energy efficiency programs add testing requirements. Leakage testing procedures and standards for single-family homes are straightforward; however, for low-rise multifamily buildings, there is little consensus on what type of envelope leakage should be applied to the standard or how leakage should be measured.

The purpose of this study is to suggest a heat pump-driven liquid desiccant (HPLD) air conditioning system for a residential building and preliminarily evaluate the cooling performance of the suggested system. The suggested HPLD system is composed of a liquid desiccant unit for the humidity control of process air with a liquid desiccant solution, and a heat pump unit for the temperature control of the desiccant solution and the process air.

Sensor errors have an important impact on the operation, control, and detection of building energy systems. Correct and reliable sensors can effectively reduce the energy consumption of building energy systems. Virtual in-situ calibration (VIC) based on Bayesian inference and Markov Chain Monte Carlo method that no need to increase extra or install new sensors can effectively reduce systematic error and random error of the sensor and increase the reliability.

By using natural driving forces, hybrid ventilation systems reduce fan energy consumption in buildings. They are of increasing interest as they help to improve buildings energy efficiency while ensuring good indoor environmental quality. However, the performance of these systems is variable and dependent on climatic conditions. Besides, the plurality of openings, variable airflows, and unstable flow patterns make the measurement of the performance of natural or hybrid ventilation systems a challenging task.

Comfortable heating of rooms with large areas of external glazing is one of the most challenging issues in cold climate zones. The rule of thumb, in this case is locating the heating unit under the window. Modern architectural trends lead to an increase in the number of facilities with panoramic glazing. The common practice is to locate trench units in close proximity to glass for such facilities. This analysis shows that even fan-assisted trench heating cannot always cope with cold air screening of large windows.

The design heat load of buildings is composed of maximal heat losses via ventilation, infiltration and transmission. Ventilation control possibilities can have an impact on these maximal simultaneous ventilation losses. An automated zonally and locally controlled residential mechanical extract ventilation system (rVST) was investigated with respect to the maximal occurring total extract rate during the heating period. The analysis was performed based on big field and simulated data of a smart connected ventilation system.