Management for acceptable indoor air quality in office buildings requires that the buildings are properly designed, operated and maintained, and that property managers have the knowledge necessary to respond to changes in building operation and use. Although most property managers are non-technical people, with clearly defined guidelines they are capable of achieving this objective. This paper presents an IAQ guide for such a purpose. The guide has been tested by four property managers for accuracy in detecting potential problems and ease of use.
In an experimental facility, we studied the performance of a task ventilation system designed for use in office buildings. With this system, occupants can adjust the flow rate and direction of air supplied to their work space through four floor-mounted supply grills. Air typically exits the ventilated space through ceiling-mounted return grills. To study indoor air flow patterns, we measured the age of air at multiple indoor locations using the tracer gas stepup procedure.
In the framework of a CEC-DGXVII demonstration project a hygroregulating natural ventilation system is being evaluated in 52 occupied apartments. Therefore a multi purpose automated tracer gas equipment has been developed enabling the detailed monitoring of air flow rates in 60 rooms continuously. In addition the humidity levels, CO2 levels and air temperatures are measured as well as the outdoor climate. The first measurement campaigns partly used for evaluation of the measurement system are reported and show an impressive amount of data enabling various types of detailed analysis.
An appropriate way to identify the most efficient ventilation systems and improve their design is to use design codes for ventilation rates. These rates are strongly influenced by spatial and temporal fluctuations in wind pressure on the facade and roof. The influence of the effects of wind on ventilation was studied using a model which includes air compressibility, together with the pressure field measured on a model in a boundary layer wind tunnel. The simulation results obtained are analyzed using a design code.
The functional and technical requirements which have been set for ventilation systems in dwelling houses of the future will result in ventilation systems featuring trouble-free and demand-controlled operation. This paper discussed the functional requirements and technical solutions of such ventilation systems.
A new European norm for measuring the heat transfer rate of radiators is under discussion [ CEN TC 130 ]. This testing can be done either in a closed chamber with cooled walls or in a open chamber with a controlled air supply. The air flow pattern around a typical radiator is calculated for both types of chambers. The calculation is done with the program PHOENICS, a finite volume program that solves the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy. For turbulence, the k-E model is used with the Lam-Bremhorst correction for low Reynolds numbers.
This paper describes the activity on Air Infiltration and Ventilation of the research group of "Dipartimento di Energetica" in Politecnico of Turin. The group formed in 1988 and only at the beginning of 1990 it began to work on multizone flow analysis. The aim of the group is to set up an apparatus for air infiltration measurement comparable to those of other countries; up to now only measurements using decay technique were made in laboratory in a scale-model which represents a two-zone system.
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