The main objectives are 1) the collection, processing and evaluation of leakage data for opening doors and windows, obtained from certifications or tests, 2) evaluation of the influence of building technologies and component materials on leakage, 3) experimental evaluation of the reasons for the choice of wall/frame combination and of the relative components and 4) experimental evaluation of the correlation between air leakage and sound insulation in order to define new methods of acoustic measurement of air leakage for components after installation.
To update the National Association of Home Builders Thermal Performance Guidelines, models were developed, representative of the new houses being constructed in each American state. The models define the number and types of windows and doors,
States that the future belongs to light building structures which have been well insulated. A decided improvement may be achieved by windows, which must become an active element in the facade for air extraction. Air heating is considered. With ever decreasing heat resources, the division of heat flow mechanisms into basic inert and fast-control peak heating, is no longer an economical approach.
The above new building is described. Main features of this building are shade from trees, south windows catch the breeze in summer and insolation in the winter, insulated foundations, roof and wall insulation, solar collectors toprovide all hot water heating and 75% of space heating, thermally massive walls to stabilise temperature, various natural ventilation and air conditioning options, and storm windows. Energy consumption details are given.
Treats a research study by the Danish Building Research Institute to develop a comprehensive set of design details for the use of bricks in a highly insulated cavity wall and building methods that could easily be followed by contractors. Illustrates photographically and describes the detached house which resulted from the project. Illustrates structural details diagrammatically. The energy consumption of the house is less than a quarter of older houses of similar size. Explains the design details to avoid thermalbridges and the application of modular coordination.
Adduces the economic advantages of weatherstripping for energy conservation, performance criteria and future developments in materials and fixings. Mentions the advantageous psychological response of personnel. Describes the factors influencing performance - window section, location of seal andinstallation method. Briefly describes the work of the Draughtproofing Advisory Association (DAA). Refers to BS 4315 and demonstrates need for new standards based on air flow measurement round total opening perimeter.
A table is given which compares the performance, construction and function of the various types of window treatment. Aspects covered include sun control, thermal insulation, infiltration barrier, security and privacy, control by static, movab
The quantity of air in several rooms lying in a stack connected by means of fresh air and exhaust air ducts is considered as a simple model of amultistorey building. Negative pressures set up within the rooms can be equalised by adjusting the
The prospective study included two groups, a study group, which had retrofitting of their flats, and a control group not exposed to environmental changes in their homes. The results clearly demonstrated a number of positive effects of the replac
Describes a simple device which pressurises an enclosed volume of air adjacent to individual components in the building fabric. The air flow through the crackage is measured and the interdependence of the flow rate and pressure is examined. Windows, floors, loft traps and suspended ceilings are examined. A simple relationship is found to be applicable to individual components but no universal relationship is found for a general range of components with superficially similar cracks.
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