ventilation

A mobile laboratory has been constructed for the sensory analysis of air quality in the field. It is used as a human exposure chamber for prolonged exposure to low concentration pollutants, a generator chamber for air pollutants, and a pollut

During the past few years it has become apparent that office environment problems have reached epidemic proportions. The Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine in 1963 was empowered by the State Legisl

Formaldehyde concentrations and ventilation rates in Finnish housing were measured. Results are discussed with reference to the recommended minimum ventilation rate of 0.5 ach.

Results are given of the effect of ventilation rate, duct length and particle concentration on ion concentration under laboratory conditions. The effect of electrostatic fields is discussed.

Treats the causes of deterioration in buildings, thermal bridges, the indoor climate, data for the design and execution of buildings and living conditions in rooms. Section headings are The formation of moulds, Humidity in buildings, The temperature factor, tau, as a criterion of the thermal quality of thestructural elements, Conditions of occupation of buildings, Thermal bridges, Natural ventilation of buildings, Conclusions, Advice.

Describes measurements made in a real factory building and comparisons with the scale model tests presented in the previous report. The ventilation system of the factory building is a mechanical one with the necessary rate of ventilation designed to be less than that calculated by the conventional method. The parameters studied included air velocities measured with hotwire anemometers at the inlet openings and the temperatures in the work hall itself measured from a crane.

Notes the considerable savings in heating energy that could be made if ventilation rates could be modulated so that only the requirements of the actual number of occupants was supplied. Explains how this can be done by ventilating to maintain a constant concentration of carbon dioxide. Describes carbon dioxide monitoring system based on infrared absorptiometry. Illustrates diagrammatically the layout of a cinema ventilation system which monitors carbon dioxide levels and explains its operation. Notes other buildings where the system is used.

Due to better insulation and improved airtightness of doors and windows, the supply of fresh air entering a room has been greatly reduced. This in turn causes an increase in the amount of pollutants emitted by different insulation and building materials. Measurements of the formaldehyde concentration in newbuildings have shown that the admissible limits are still exceeded even after a year. Stricter regulations limiting the emissions of pollutants are therefore urgently necessary.

States that the future belongs to light building structures which have been well insulated. A decided improvement may be achieved by windows, which must become an active element in the facade for air extraction. Air heating is considered. With ever decreasing heat resources, the division of heat flow mechanisms into basic inert and fast-control peak heating, is no longer an economical approach.

A minimum ventilation rate of 25 m3 per person per hour or 1.5 air changes per hour for homes in the Netherlands is discussed. Difficulties in stimulating awareness of adequate ventilation amongst residents in homes with low ventilation rates of 0.5 to 1 ach is covered.