The aim of the study was to identify methods for the renovation of ventilation systems in domestic buildings which are 3 - 8 storeys high. Three typical buildings were selected and the problems in ventilation were examined. The designers made their proposals for repairs and the research team analyzed the solutions and made improvements. The special problems compared with new buildings included less airtight building envelopes and leakages in existing ventilation ducts.
The present case study refers to a larger office building in Sweden. The employees in this building, which was built in 1982, began to complain about the indoor environment around 1985-86. A preliminary examination of the building started in 1989. The preliminary investigation showed that the concrete framed floors were levelled off with self levelling compound containing casein and that there were relatively high concentrations of ammonia under the PVC-flooring.
Swiss topography is dominated by the Alps and the Jura in the north-west part and the most densely populated "Midlands" between the two. The climatic conditions vary in a very wide range both in temperature and solar radiation due to the different altitudes and the different climatic conditions north and sourth of the Alps.Accordingly there are roughly three climatic regions. Meteo data are available as hourly values from over 70 automatic meteo stations. Derived values for hand calcualtion methods are regularly published in Swiss technical journals.
In recent years, poor indoor climate has increasingly been seen as the cause of health problems for building occupants. Today, there is good evidence in some areas why such problems arise. Unhealthy substances given off by various building materials, the existence of mould and general air pollution are the main causes. In general, the most important way to remedy the problem is improved ventilation. Poor upkeep and maintenance have led to a decline in the performance of existing ventilation systems.
The general purpose of heat recovery can be said to be threefold: to reduce energy use; to reduce peak power need; to increase the time constant of the building for heating and ventilation as well as domestic hot water production. In this documant the interest is concentrated on heat recovery in ventilation systems and theirinfluence on power and energy balance for buildings.
Describes how basic studies (detailed simulations) have been used to define the calculation of energy losses due to ventilation in French regulations, and the "ongoing" research aiming towards a better assessment of air quality.
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