The Air Lock Floor and the Pressure Ring are two effective measures for control of air flow directions between rooms or zones in buildings. They create a pressure hierarchy that controls spread of pollutants. Here an example has been given for radon from a crawl space, odours from a bakery into a dwelling above and an isolation chamber with a leaky facade. The Air Lock floor can operate with a 7 W fan and at the same time extractthe normal dwelling ventilation flowrate. Used in the ground floor, the Air Lock Floor results in a warmer floor and contributes to energy savings.
A new multizone airflow and contaminant dispersal model CONTAM93 is described, along with a demonstration of its application in a study of ventilation and contaminant control in single-family residential buildings. While CONTAM93 is based on existing theory of network airflow analysis and contaminant dispersal, the model employs a unique graphic interface for data input and display. The interface uses a sketchpad to describe the connections between zones and icons to represent zones, openings, ventilation system components, and contaminant sources and sinks.
The present case study refers to a larger office building in Sweden. The employees in this building, which was built in 1982, began to complain about the indoor environment around 1985-86. A preliminary examination of the building started in 1989. The preliminary investigation showed that the concrete framed floors were levelled off with self levelling compound containing casein and that there were relatively high concentrations of ammonia under the PVC-flooring.
This Handbook is in three parts: Introductory, health & economics and building. The author's perspective of environmental and health issues developed during ten years as a Principal Scientist at the Building Research Establishment, including four as Head of Building Pathology. Each Section in the Handbook addresses a particular topic and many may be read independently. With this structure, it is inevitable that there is some duplication of basic information, especially in Part 2. It is intended to publish replacement and new Sections in the next few years.
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