Particle penetration into an unoccupied research house was investigated through measurements under different conditions. Onmy particles with aerodynamic diameter of 20 to 3000 nm enter the house in significant quantity.
Two models were applied to predict particle deposition in ducts, one theoretical, the other based on experiments. These models are described and a comparison of their predictions is compared to experimental results.
A two-dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to measure velocity and turbulence of air flow around a heated manikin in a large room (volume about 80 m3). Measurements were operated in four horizontal and ten vertical planes. The article describes the PIV system and the type of results which were obtained.
The risk of contaminant deposition (10 microns particles) on an operating room surgical site is evaluated for different ventilation systems - conventional, laminar, non-aspirating, displacement -, using airflow modeling and particle tracking methodologies. Results show that laminar flows are the most appropriate to avoid particles deposition.
Describes how a physical compartmental model (INTAIR) has been parameterised to estimate PM10 concentrations and has been used to assess the contribution of smoking to PM10 levels for typical homes in the UK. Concludes that smoking activity at home increases the daily mean concentrations in the living room by 1-1.5 microgrammes per m3 per cigarette smoked, and that this may contribute significantly to personal exposures to PM10.
Looked at seven residential buildings in northern England to analyse the causes of short-term variations in particle number concentrations. High short-term peak concentrations arose from cooking, smoking and physical activity. The loss rate of particles after emissions stopped depended on the particle size range. The relative importance of deposition and air exchange in particle loss rates were quantified by simultaneous measurement of particle number concentration and air exchange rate.
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